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Operation Math Confidence

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Lesson Plan

Session 1 Lesson Plan

Students will develop a growth mindset toward math challenges and strengthen basic number sense through discussion and interactive, hands-on activities.

By explicitly teaching growth mindset and giving repeated, low-stakes practice with number sense, students build confidence, reduce frustration behaviors, and form positive math habits that support future learning.

Audience

2nd–5th Grade Math Students

Time

30 minutes

Approach

Blend mindset talk with hands-on number sense games.

Materials

Growth Mindset Brainstorm Worksheet, Session 1 Number Sense Flashcards, Session 1 Number Line Activity Mat, Dry Erase Boards and Markers, Timer, and Chart Paper and Markers

Prep

Print and Organize Materials

10 minutes

Step 1

Welcome and Warm-Up

5 minutes

  • Greet students and introduce the day’s focus on mindset and number sense
  • Lead a quick breathing exercise: “Inhale math confidence, exhale math worries”
  • Review classroom norms for respectful participation

Step 2

Growth Mindset Discussion

10 minutes

  • Explain fixed vs. growth mindset using chart paper headings
  • Model turning a math mistake into a learning opportunity
  • Distribute the Growth Mindset Brainstorm Worksheet
  • Students write or draw one fixed-mindset thought and then transform it into a growth-mindset statement
  • Invite volunteers to share their before/after examples

Step 3

Number Sense Flashcard Practice

10 minutes

  • Pair students and distribute dry erase boards
  • Show cards from the Session 1 Number Sense Flashcards
  • Partners take turns solving problems aloud, using growth-mindset language (“I can’t do this…yet”)
  • After each card, students check answers and encourage each other

Step 4

Number Line Race

5 minutes

  • Give each pair a Session 1 Number Line Activity Mat
  • Call out simple addition/subtraction prompts (e.g., 7 + 3)
  • Pairs race to mark correct answers on their number lines
  • Celebrate all efforts and highlight strategies used
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Worksheet

Growth Mindset Brainstorm Worksheet

Instructions

Think about times when math feels challenging. In each section below, write a “fixed mindset” thought — one that makes you feel stuck — and then practice turning it into a “growth mindset” statement that helps you keep trying.


  1. Fixed Mindset Thought:






Growth Mindset Reframe:








  1. Fixed Mindset Thought:






Growth Mindset Reframe:








  1. Fixed Mindset Thought:






Growth Mindset Reframe:








  1. Fixed Mindset Thought:






Growth Mindset Reframe:








  1. Draw or Write: Think of a time you overcame a math challenge by practicing or asking for help. Draw a quick sketch or write a few sentences about what you did and how it helped you.











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Activity

Number Line Race Activity

Overview
A quick, energetic game for pairs to practice addition and subtraction on a number line. Students race to place counters on the correct spot, reinforcing number sense and encouraging positive teamwork.

Materials

Prep (5 minutes)

  • Print and laminate one number line mat per pair.
  • Prepare a stack of prompt cards with simple addition/subtraction problems.
  • Gather counters (buttons, beans, chips) and a timer.

Instructions (5 minutes)

  1. Arrange students in pairs and give each pair a mat and counters.
  2. Explain that you will call out a problem (e.g., “7 + 3”).
  3. On “Go,” pairs race to place a counter on the correct number on the line.
  4. The first pair to mark the right answer earns a point.
  5. Continue calling out problems for the full 5 minutes, keeping score.
  6. At the end, celebrate effort, review strategies, and highlight growth-mindset language (“We can’t do this…yet!”).

Differentiation & Extensions

  • Support: Use problems within 0–10 and allow students to move a single counter from the start point.
  • Challenge: Include missing-addend prompts (e.g., “__ + 5 = 12”) or double-digit number lines (0–20).

Classroom Talk

  • Encourage partners to use growth-mindset phrases: “Keep trying,” “What strategy can we use?”
  • After the game, ask: “Which problem felt hardest? How did you figure it out?”
  • Reinforce that making mistakes helps us learn new strategies.

Debrief (2 minutes)

  • Quick whole-group share: students name one tip they used.
  • Tie back to growth mindset: “Today you showed that with practice, you can get better every time.”
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Worksheet

Session 1 Number Sense Flashcards

Instructions

  • Print this sheet and cut each problem card along the grid lines.
  • On one side of each card is a problem. Students use dry-erase boards to solve.
  • Encourage partners to use growth-mindset language (“I can’t do this…yet!”) as they work.

5 + 39 - 4
7 + 612 - 5
8 + 715 - 6
4 + 914 - 7
6 + 613 - 8
10 + 516 - 9
3 + 817 - 4
2 + 1118 - 7
9 + 919 - 10
7 + 820 - 9

Tip: After solving, students check with their partner and offer one encouraging comment (e.g., “Great job!” or “Keep trying, you’ve got this!”).

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Lesson Plan

Session 2 Lesson Plan

Students will use visual models and manipulatives to deepen their understanding of addition and subtraction concepts while practicing self-regulation strategies to manage frustration.

Hands-on tools clarify abstract math ideas and boost confidence; pairing manipulatives with self-regulation steps helps struggling students stay calm and focused during challenges.

Audience

2nd–5th Grade Math Students

Time

30 minutes

Approach

Integrate visual models with self-reg strategies

Materials

Session 2 Visual Model Mats, Session 2 Manipulative Prompt Cards, Session 2 Self-Regulation Strategy Cards, Place Value Blocks or Counters, Dry Erase Boards and Markers, and Timer

Prep

Prepare Materials

10 minutes

Step 1

Welcome and Regulation Check

5 minutes

  • Greet students and invite one or two to share how they feel today
  • Introduce the “Pause, Breathe, Ask” self-regulation strategy using the Session 2 Self-Regulation Strategy Cards
  • Model using the card when you encounter a tricky math prompt (“I’m stuck—pause, take a deep breath, then ask a friend or try a new way”).

Step 2

Visual Model Demonstration

8 minutes

  • Display an addition problem (e.g., 8 + 5) on the board
  • Distribute Session 2 Visual Model Mats and place value blocks
  • Demonstrate representing each addend with blocks on the mat and combining them to find the sum
  • Ask students to describe how the blocks and mat help them see the problem clearly

Step 3

Manipulative Math Practice

12 minutes

  • Pair students and give each pair a mat, blocks, and a set of Session 2 Manipulative Prompt Cards
  • Partners take turns drawing a card, modeling the problem with blocks, and solving
  • After each turn, partners check answers and, if they feel challenged, practice “Pause, Breathe, Ask” using the self-regulation cards
  • Circulate to encourage correct block use and positive, growth-mindset language

Step 4

Reflection and Debrief

5 minutes

  • Gather as a whole group and ask: “Which visual model helped you most? When did you use ‘Pause, Breathe, Ask’?”
  • Invite volunteers to share one insight or strategy
  • Highlight how visual tools and self-regulation support confidence
  • Celebrate today’s effort and growth mindset achievements
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Worksheet

Session 2 Visual Model Mats

Instructions

Use place value blocks or counters on each section below to model addition and subtraction problems. After placing blocks, write the corresponding equation.


Addition Model Mat

  1. Addend 1 (first group of blocks):






  1. Addend 2 (second group of blocks):






  1. Combined (sum):






  1. Write the equation:
    ____ + ____ = ____




Subtraction Model Mat

  1. Whole (minuend):






  1. Take away (subtrahend):






  1. Remaining (difference):






  1. Write the equation:
    ____ - ____ = ____



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Worksheet

Session 2 Manipulative Prompt Cards

Instructions

Print and cut each card along the lines below. Use place value blocks or counters to model each problem. After solving with your manipulatives, write the equation and answer on your dry-erase board or notebook.


3 + 510 - 4
6 + 814 - 6
9 + 413 - 8
12 + 718 - 9
15 + 516 - 7
7 + 920 - 12

After modeling with blocks:
Write the equation: ____ ± ____ = ____







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Worksheet

Session 2 Self-Regulation Strategy Cards

Instructions

Print this page and cut along the lines to create individual strategy cards. When you feel stuck or frustrated during math, pick a card and use the strategy to help you refocus.


Pause
Stop what you’re doing. Notice how your body feels and name one feeling (e.g., “I feel stuck”).


Breathe
Take three slow, deep breaths: inhale for 4 counts, hold for 1, exhale for 4 counts.


Ask
Ask a partner, friend, or teacher for help or a hint. It’s okay to need support!


Reframe
Say to yourself: “I can’t do this…yet.” Focus on what you’ll learn next.


Take a Break
Stand up, stretch, or walk in place for 30 seconds. Then return ready to try again.


Celebrate
Name one small step you’ve done so far (e.g., “I tried a new strategy”). Great effort!

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Lesson Plan

Session 3 Lesson Plan

Students will apply a structured problem-solving strategy to multi-step word problems and work cooperatively to build confidence and accuracy.

Multi-step word problems can feel overwhelming; teaching a clear, step-by-step approach and encouraging peer support helps struggling students stay focused, reduce frustration, and improve math proficiency.

Audience

2nd–5th Grade Math Students

Time

30 minutes

Approach

Structured strategy plus cooperative practice

Materials

Session 3 Word Problem Strategy Guide, Session 3 Multi-Step Word Problem Cards, Dry Erase Boards and Markers, Timer, and Chart Paper and Markers

Prep

Print and Set Up Materials

10 minutes

Step 1

Warm-Up & Strategy Review

5 minutes

  • Greet students and briefly review self-regulation: Pause, Breathe, Ask
  • Introduce the CUBES strategy using chart paper:
    • Circle the numbers
    • Underline the question
    • Box key words
    • Evaluate by drawing or acting out
    • Solve and Check your work
  • Invite a volunteer to name one step and explain why it helps

Step 2

Model Problem Solving

8 minutes

  • Distribute the Session 3 Word Problem Strategy Guide
  • Display a sample multi-step word problem from the guide
  • Think aloud as you apply each CUBES step, drawing on chart paper or dry erase board
  • Write the equation(s), solve, and check your answer out loud
  • Ask students how each step helped clarify the problem

Step 3

Cooperative Practice

12 minutes

  • Pair students and give each pair a set of Session 3 Multi-Step Word Problem Cards
  • Partners take turns drawing a card, reading the problem aloud, and using CUBES on their dry erase board
  • After solving, partners check each other’s work and offer one encouraging comment
  • Circulate to prompt use of Pause, Breathe, Ask when students feel stuck

Step 4

Reflection & Debrief

5 minutes

  • Reconvene as a whole group and ask: “Which step in CUBES helped you most? Why?”
  • Invite two or three students to share strategies or drawings
  • Reinforce that using a plan makes complex problems manageable
  • Celebrate effort and growth in problem solving
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Worksheet

Session 3 Word Problem Strategy Guide

Use the CUBES problem-solving strategy to break apart multi-step word problems. Follow each step below to help you understand and solve problems more confidently.


The CUBES Steps

  1. Circle the numbers in the problem.
  2. Underline the question being asked.
  3. Box key words that tell you which operations to use (e.g., total, difference, give, each).
  4. Evaluate by drawing a quick picture, diagram, or making notes.
  5. Solve the equation and Check your work.

Example

Problem:
“Sarah had 12 apples. She gave 5 apples to her friend and then bought 8 more. How many apples does she have now?”

  1. Circle the numbers you see:
    Numbers circled: ____________________________



  1. Underline the question in the sentence:
    Underline here:




  1. Box the key words that tell you what to do:
    Key words boxed: ____________________________



  1. Evaluate by drawing or writing notes:
    (Draw Sarah’s apples before, during, and after)






  1. Solve and check your work:
    Equation: ________ – ______ + ______ = ________
    Answer: ________ apples





When you practice with your word-problem cards, use this guide to help you stay organized. Circle, Underline, Box, Evaluate, and Solve every time to build confidence with multi-step questions!

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Worksheet

Session 3 Multi-Step Word Problem Cards

Instructions

Print and cut each card along the lines below. Use the CUBES strategy guide (Session 3 Word Problem Strategy Guide) to break down each problem. Write your steps and answers on your dry-erase board or in your notebook.


| Card 1
Alex had 15 marbles. She won 8 more, then gave 6 to her friend. How many marbles does she have now?






| Card 2
A school has 120 students. 35 went on a field trip, and then 12 new students joined. How many students are at school now?






|
|-------------|-------------|
| Card 3
Emily baked 24 cookies. She ate 5 and then shared the rest equally among 3 friends. How many cookies did each friend get?






| Card 4
A bookstore sold 45 books in the morning and 30 in the afternoon. They then received 20 new books. How many books do they have now?






|
| Card 5
Ben had 50 stickers and gave 18 to his classmates. Later, he bought 25 more. How many stickers does he have altogether?






| Card 6
A gardener planted 30 flowers. Fourteen wilted, but she added 20 new ones. How many flowers are blooming now?






|


After solving each problem, check your work using CUBES: Circle numbers, Underline the question, Box key words, Evaluate with a drawing or notes, Solve and Check.

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Lesson Plan

Session 4 Lesson Plan

Students will review and apply key math skills through a fun mixed-practice game, then reflect on their growth and set personal math goals.

A culminating session that reinforces learned strategies, builds confidence through success, and empowers students to take ownership of their math growth supports positive behaviors and self-regulation.

Audience

2nd–5th Grade Math Students

Time

30 minutes

Approach

Mixed-review game and goal-setting

Materials

Session 4 Mixed Practice Game Cards, Session 4 Goal-Setting Worksheet, Dry Erase Boards and Markers, Timer, and Chart Paper and Markers

Prep

Prepare Review and Reflection Materials

10 minutes

  • Print and cut the Session 4 Mixed Practice Game Cards for each pair
  • Print copies of the Session 4 Goal-Setting Worksheet for each student
  • Set up chart paper titled “Math Wins” and “Next Steps” on the wall
  • Gather dry erase boards, markers, timer, and chart supplies
  • Review growth-mindset language and self-regulation strategies to model as needed

Step 1

Welcome and Growth Check

5 minutes

  • Greet students and invite one or two to share a math win from earlier sessions
  • Lead a quick “Pause, Breathe, Ask” check-in: model taking a deep breath and using positive self-talk
  • Remind students of growth-mindset phrases: “I can’t do this…yet,” and “Mistakes help me learn.”

Step 2

Mixed Practice Review Game

15 minutes

  • Arrange students in pairs and distribute dry erase boards and Session 4 Mixed Practice Game Cards
  • Explain the game: partners take turns drawing a card, reading the prompt (addition, subtraction, or word problem), solving on their board, and checking with each other using growth-mindset language
  • Keep a timer for 10 rounds (about 1½ minutes per round); after each round, rotate roles and encourage the use of “Pause, Breathe, Ask” if stuck
  • Circulate to note strategies, reinforce correct reasoning, and celebrate effort

Step 3

Reflection and Goal-Setting

5 minutes

  • Distribute the Session 4 Goal-Setting Worksheet
  • Students complete sections: “My Math Strengths,” “Skills I Want to Practice,” and “My Growth Goal (I will…)”
  • Encourage honest reflection and concrete, achievable goals (e.g., “I will practice subtraction facts to 20 three times a week”).

Step 4

Share and Celebrate

5 minutes

  • Invite volunteers to share one strength and one goal with the class
  • Post a few student goals on the “Next Steps” chart paper
  • Reinforce that setting and working toward goals is a key part of a growth mindset
  • Close with a group cheer: “We can’t do this…yet… but we will!”
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Worksheet

Session 4 Mixed Practice Game Cards

Instructions

Print and cut each card along the lines below. Use these for the mixed-practice review game: partners draw a card, read the prompt aloud, solve on your dry-erase board, and check each other’s work. Use growth-mindset language (“I can’t do this…yet”) and “Pause, Breathe, Ask” if you get stuck.


Card 1
5 + 8
Card 2
14 - 6
Card 3
9 + 7
Card 4
20 - 9
Card 5
6 + 15
Card 6
18 - 12
Card 7
Sam had 12 stickers. He gave 5 to a friend, then found 4 more. How many stickers does he have now?
Card 8
In a library, 30 books were shelved in the morning and 17 in the afternoon. Then 8 more were returned. How many books are on the shelves?
Card 9
A farmer picked 25 apples, sold 13, then picked 10 more. How many apples does he have?
Card 10
A toy store sold 22 toys on Monday and 14 on Tuesday, then received 20 new ones. How many toys do they have now?

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Worksheet

Session 4 Goal-Setting Worksheet

Instructions

Reflect on your progress from the past sessions and set a clear math goal. Complete each section below.


My Math Strengths

List two or three math skills or strategies you feel confident about.























Skills I Want to Practice

Identify two areas where you’d like to improve or get more practice.
















My Growth Goal

Write one specific, measurable goal using “I will…”
I will ______________________________________________________________________













Steps I Will Take

List three actions you will do to reach your goal (for example, practicing facts, using a new strategy, asking for help).























Reflection Check-In

After one week of working on your goal, write one sentence or draw a quick sketch about how it’s going.












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Operation Math Confidence • Lenny Learning