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What’s Your Signal?

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Lesson Plan

Decoding Body Language

Students will learn to decode common nonverbal cues—posture, facial expressions, gestures—through interactive group activities and reflection, improving social understanding and communication.

Recognizing and interpreting body language builds empathy, reduces misunderstandings, and strengthens peer collaboration—key skills for academic and real-world interactions.

Audience

10th Grade Students

Time

35 minutes

Approach

Interactive activities, group discussion, and personal reflection.

Prep

Teacher Preparation

10 minutes

Step 1

Mirror Movements Warm-Up

5 minutes

  • Students pair up and face each other.
  • One student leads simple gestures (e.g., raise arm, tilt head), the partner mirrors exactly.
  • Swap roles after two minutes; encourage attention to posture and facial expressions.
  • Rotate pairs to practice with different partners.

Step 2

Introduction via Slide Deck

5 minutes

  • Display the Signals & Signs Slide Deck.
  • Highlight three key nonverbal cues: posture, eye contact, gestures.
  • Ask volunteers to share everyday examples of these signals.
  • Clarify how tone and personal space also transmit meaning.

Step 3

Silent Scene Act-Out

10 minutes

  • Divide students into groups of 3–4.
  • Assign each group a scenario (e.g., greeting a friend, expressing frustration).
  • In silence, students act out the scenario for two minutes while peers observe.
  • Observers note body language cues: gestures, facial expressions, stance.

Step 4

Cue Interpretation Discussion

8 minutes

  • Reconvene as a class and ask each group to summarize their observations.
  • Use the Cue Interpretation Discussion prompts:
    • What did the actor’s posture convey?
    • How did gestures change the message?
    • Were there conflicting signals?
  • Facilitate peer feedback on interpretations.

Step 5

Signal Analysis Chart

5 minutes

  • Hand out the Signal Analysis Chart Worksheet.
  • Individually, students record two observed nonverbal cues and write their interpretations.
  • Encourage concise entries: Cue, Possible Meaning, Context.

Step 6

Nonverbal Notebook Cool-Down

2 minutes

  • Ask students to open their Nonverbal Notebook Cool-Down.
  • Write one personal nonverbal habit they recognize (e.g., crossed arms) and one goal to improve clarity.
  • Collect notebooks or review digitally to inform future lessons.
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Slide Deck

Signals & Signs: Understanding Nonverbal Communication

Decoding posture, facial expressions, and gestures to strengthen our connections and reduce misunderstandings.

Welcome students and introduce today’s focus on nonverbal communication. Highlight how what we say with our bodies can be as powerful as our words.

What Is Nonverbal Communication?

• The messages sent without words
• Includes posture, facial expressions, gestures, eye contact, and personal space
• Complements, contradicts, or replaces spoken words

Define nonverbal communication. Emphasize that over half of our message is conveyed through nonverbal cues. Invite one or two students to give examples.

Posture

• Open vs. closed stance
• Leaning in vs. leaning back
• Tension vs. relaxation

[Image: Silhouettes showing open and closed postures]

Explain how posture signals confidence, openness, or discomfort. Demonstrate by standing rigid vs. relaxed. Ask students what messages they read from each stance.

Facial Expressions

• Smile, frown, raised eyebrows, narrowed eyes
• Often universal across cultures
• Key to sensing others’ feelings

Discuss universal facial expressions (happy, sad, anger, surprise). Share images or mimic expressions. Ask students to guess the emotion before revealing answers.

Gestures

• Emblems: thumbs up, peace sign
• Illustrators: hand movements that accompany speech
• Regulators: nod, head shake
• Adaptors: fidgeting, touching face

Describe common gestures (waves, thumbs up, crossed arms). Point out how cultural context changes meaning. Invite students to share gestures from their families or cultures.

Think-Pair-Share Activity

Think: Recall a moment when someone’s body language changed how you felt.

Pair: Share your story and identify the cue.

Share: Volunteers explain to the class.

Set up the Think-Pair-Share. Give students one minute to think, two minutes to share with a partner, then call on volunteers.

Spot the Mixed Signals

• Watch this 30-second silent clip (no dialogue)
• Note posture, facial cues, and gestures
• Identify any conflicting signals

Explain that real-life communication often involves mixed signals. Prepare students to watch a brief silent clip and note conflicting cues.

Reflection & Next Steps

In your Nonverbal Notebook:

  1. Identify one personal nonverbal habit
  2. Write one goal for clearer communication

Come prepared to discuss in our next session.

Guide students to reflect on their own nonverbal habits and set a goal. Encourage honesty and growth mindset.

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Warm Up

Warm-Up: Mirror Movements

Time: 5 minutes

  • Have students find a partner and stand facing each other, about an arm’s length apart.
  • Explain that one partner will lead simple, slow movements (raising an arm, tilting the head, shrugging shoulders) while the other mirrors exactly, matching posture, speed, and facial expression.
  • After two minutes, cue students to swap roles so both practice leading and mirroring.
  • Encourage partners to focus on small details: eyebrow raises, subtle shifts in weight, and breathing patterns.
  • To wrap up, rotate partners one or two times so students experience different leading styles and note how attention to nonverbal cues changes with each new partner.

Return to full lesson plan

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Activity

Activity: Silent Scene Act-Out

Time: 10 minutes

  1. Form Groups:

    • Divide the class into groups of 3–4 students.
    • Assign each group a brief scenario card (examples below).
  2. Scenario Options (write on index cards or display on screen):

    • Greeting a friend you haven’t seen in months
    • Frustration about a missed bus
    • Excitement at receiving good news
    • Nervousness before a big exam
  3. Act It Out — No Words:

    • One at a time, each group silently performs their scenario for 2 minutes.
    • Actors focus on posture, facial expressions, gestures, and personal space.
    • Observing classmates take notes on specific cues (e.g., crossed arms, pacing, smiles).
  4. Debrief Observations:

    • After each performance, allow 1–2 minutes for observers to share quick notes:
      • What body language stood out?
      • How did facial expressions shape your interpretation?
  5. Prepare for Discussion:

Return to full lesson plan

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Discussion

Cue Interpretation Discussion

Time: 8 minutes

As we return from the Silent Scene Act-Out, use these prompts to guide a focused class conversation. Remind students to listen respectfully, build on each other’s ideas, and cite specific observations.

1. Group Recap

  • Each group names their scenario and shares one key nonverbal cue they observed.

2. Discussion Prompts

  1. What did the actor’s posture convey in your scene?


  2. How did specific gestures reinforce or change the intended message?


  3. Did you notice any mixed signals—when one cue conflicted with another? Describe one example.


  4. How did personal space or proximity influence your interpretation of the interaction?


  5. In what ways might cultural or individual differences affect how these cues are read?


3. Deeper Reflection & Feedback

  • If you were the actor, how would you adjust your nonverbal cues to make the message clearer?


  • How could misinterpreting these signals lead to real-life misunderstandings?


After this discussion, transition to the Signal Analysis Chart Worksheet to capture personal insights and interpretations.

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Worksheet

Signal Analysis Chart Worksheet

Name: ____________________________ Date: _______________

Instructions: During the Silent Scene Act-Out, you observed groups acting without words. Use this chart to record two nonverbal cues you noticed, your interpretation of each cue, and the context in which it appeared.


Cue 1

Nonverbal Cue (what you saw):


Possible Meaning (what it might convey):


Context (when and how it appeared):





Cue 2

Nonverbal Cue (what you saw):


Possible Meaning (what it might convey):


Context (when and how it appeared):





(Optional) Cue 3

Nonverbal Cue (what you saw):


Possible Meaning (what it might convey):


Context (when and how it appeared):




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Cool Down

Cool-Down: Nonverbal Notebook

Time: 2 minutes

In your Nonverbal Notebook, respond to the prompts below:

  1. One personal nonverbal habit I noticed about myself today is:


  2. My goal to make my nonverbal communication clearer is:


(Optional) 3. One situation this week where I will practice this goal is:


Thank you! Please close your notebooks and get ready to head to your next class.

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