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Solving Problems on the Job: A Team Approach

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Lesson Plan

Solving Problems on the Job: A Team Approach

Students will be able to apply a collaborative problem-solving model to make responsible and effective decisions in a general workplace scenario.

Effective problem-solving and teamwork are crucial for success and efficiency in any professional environment. This lesson helps students develop these critical life skills, preparing them for a wide range of careers.

Audience

11th Grade

Time

45 minutes

Approach

Direct instruction, collaborative application, and role-playing.

Materials

Workplace Problem-Solving Slides, Digital Scenario Challenge, and Shared Solution Document

Prep

Teacher Preparation

15 minutes

Step 1

Do Now: Describe a time you had to solve a problem as a team at work or school.

5 minutes

  • Display the 'Do Now' prompt on the board or screen.
    - Instruct students to write a short response in their notebooks or on a scrap piece of paper.
    - Facilitate a brief class share-out to get students thinking about collaborative problem-solving.

Step 2

Direct Instruction: Present a common workplace problem scenario and a model for responsible decision-making.

15 minutes

  • Use the Workplace Problem-Solving Slides to guide the instruction and the Teacher Script for Problem-Solving for detailed talking points.
    - Introduce a realistic general workplace problem scenario (like the one on Slide 3).
    - Explain the steps of a responsible decision-making model (e.g., Identify, Gather Information, Brainstorm, Evaluate, Choose & Act, Contingency, Review), using the slides and script as your guide.
    - Encourage student participation and questions throughout the presentation.

Step 3

Collaborative Work: In groups, apply the decision-making model to a new scenario and outline a collaborative solution on a shared document.

20 minutes

  • Divide students into small groups (3-4 students per group).
    - Present a new, engaging general workplace problem scenario using the Digital Scenario Challenge. (can be adjusted to your shop)
    - Instruct each group to apply the responsible decision-making model to the scenario, using the Shared Solution Document to record their steps and solutions.
    - Guide them to outline their collaborative solution, including potential challenges and contingency plans, on the Shared Solution Document, following the provided sections.
    - Circulate among groups to provide support and feedback, reminding them to refer to the decision-making steps.

Step 4

Wrap-up: Role-play presenting the proposed solution to a supervisor.

5 minutes

  • Invite one or two groups to briefly role-play presenting their proposed solution to a 'supervisor' (the teacher or another student).
    - Emphasize clear communication and justification of their decisions, encouraging them to explain how they used the decision-making model.

Step 5

Exit Ticket: What is the most critical step in the responsible decision-making model and why?

Optional (can be collected at the end of class)

  • Distribute or display the 'Exit Ticket' question.
    - Students should write their response and submit it before leaving class.
    - This can be a quick check for understanding and reflection.
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Slide Deck

Solving Problems on the Job: A Team Approach

Do Now:

Describe a time you had to solve a problem as a team at work or school.

(Write your response in your notebook or on a piece of paper.)

Think about:

  • What was the problem?
  • Who was involved?
  • How did you work together?

Welcome students and get them settled. Display the 'Do Now' prompt on the screen. Give students about 5 minutes to write their response. Afterwards, facilitate a brief class discussion. Ask a few students to share their experiences. This helps activate prior knowledge and connect to the lesson's theme.

Why Problem-Solving Matters

In any job, problems will arise. Being able to solve them effectively and safely is crucial for:

  • Project Success: Keeping tasks on track and meeting deadlines.
  • Efficiency: Avoiding costly delays and maximizing productivity.
  • Quality: Ensuring that the work meets high standards and client expectations.
  • Teamwork: Fostering collaboration, clear communication, and a positive work environment.

Transition into the main topic. Briefly explain why problem-solving is a vital skill in any professional setting. Emphasize that it's not just about fixing things, but about project success, avoiding disruptions, and fostering teamwork.

Scenario: The Dental Light Dilemma

Imagine your team is preparing for a busy day at a dental office. The first patient is due in 15 minutes for a routine filling. Suddenly, the main dental chair's light, which is essential for detailed work, stops functioning. The maintenance technician is not available immediately, and your supervisor is currently assisting another dentist in a different room and cannot be disturbed right away.

  • What's the immediate impact on patient care and the schedule?
  • Who would you try to contact first, and why?
  • What are the potential consequences of doing nothing?

Present a common, relatable general workplace problem. Encourage students to think about what they would do in this situation. This scenario will be used to introduce the decision-making model.

Step 1: Identify the Problem

What exactly is going wrong, and what are the immediate dangers/impacts?

  • Symptoms: Dental chair light not working, patient due in 15 minutes, technician unavailable, supervisor busy.
  • Core Problem: Inability to perform a necessary dental procedure due to essential equipment failure, risking patient care and office schedule.
  • Immediate Concerns: Delaying or rescheduling patient, impacting patient trust, disrupting other appointments, potential loss of income.

Don't just jump to a solution! Clearly understand the issue and its potential impact first.

Introduce the first step of the model: Identify. Explain the importance of clearly defining the problem before jumping to conclusions.

Step 2: Gather Information

What do you know, and what critical information do you need to know?

  • Check for Simple Fixes: Is the light plugged in? Is a fuse blown? Is there a backup power switch?
  • Consult Colleagues: Has anyone else experienced this? Do they know of a quick fix or an alternative?
  • Review Equipment Manual/Protocols: Are there troubleshooting steps for this issue? What are the emergency procedures for equipment failure?
  • Assess Patient's Need: Can the procedure be done with a portable light or in another room if available?

Collecting data helps you make an informed decision, not a rushed one.

Introduce the second step: Gather Information. Discuss where students can find relevant information (IT, colleagues, documentation).

Step 3: Brainstorm Solutions (Team Approach!)

Think of ALL the possible ways to fix or respond to the problem. Encourage every team member to contribute ideas, no matter how simple or complex. Record every idea without immediate judgment.

  • Try a different light source (e.g., examination light from another chair, headlamp).
  • Temporarily move the patient to another operatory if one is free.
  • Contact a different dentist or dental assistant for advice/help.
  • Offer the patient an immediate reschedule with an apology and possible compensation.
  • Attempt a minor, less light-dependent procedure if appropriate for the patient.
  • Try simple troubleshooting steps like unplugging and re-plugging the light.
  • Contact the equipment supplier's support line directly.

The more ideas, the better! A diverse range of thoughts leads to better outcomes.

Introduce the third step: Brainstorm Solutions. Emphasize generating many ideas without judgment. Encourage creative and effective options.

Step 4: Evaluate Solutions

Now, let's critically weigh the pros and cons of each brainstormed idea, keeping patient care and office efficiency as top priorities.

  • Different Light Source: ✅ Might allow procedure to proceed, avoids reschedule. ❌ May not be bright enough, awkward to position, not ideal for precision.
  • Move Patient to Another Operatory: ✅ Allows procedure to proceed, keeps schedule on track. ❌ Another operatory might not be free, causes disruption, might not have all necessary tools.
  • Contact Another Colleague: ✅ Brings in immediate help/ideas. ❌ They might be busy, not an expert in maintenance.
  • Reschedule Patient: ✅ Ensures quality care when equipment is fixed, transparent with patient. ❌ Inconveniences patient, disrupts schedule, potential loss of revenue.
  • Minor Procedure: ✅ Keeps patient in the office, some progress made. ❌ May not be what patient came for, could still require good lighting.
  • Simple Troubleshooting: ✅ Quick, might fix the issue easily. ❌ May not address underlying electrical problem, could worsen if untrained.
  • Contact Supplier: ✅ Direct route to expert technical support. ❌ Could take a long time for response/service, patient is waiting now.

Consider the potential consequences (positive and negative) of each action before moving forward.

Introduce the fourth step: Evaluate Solutions. Guide students to consider the pros and cons of each brainstormed idea, focusing on impact, resources, and client satisfaction.

Step 5: Choose & Act!

Based on your thorough evaluation, select the most responsible, effective, and efficient path forward. This step requires decisive and coordinated action.

For the dental light failure, the chosen course of action could be:

  1. Immediate Team Assessment: Quickly check simple fixes (plug, switch) and confirm no easy resolution.
  2. Explore Alternative Lighting: See if a portable headlamp or an examination light from a nearby, currently unused chair can be quickly deployed as a temporary measure.
  3. Inform Front Desk: Alert them to the potential delay and to prepare to gently inform the incoming patient.
  4. Seek Supervisor's Brief Advice (if feasible): Send a quick, urgent message to the supervisor about the light failure and ask for guidance, if they are reachable for a very brief moment.
  5. Prepare for Backup: If no quick fix or alternative light is viable, prepare to offer the patient a reschedule, emphasizing commitment to their care.

This step requires clear communication and decisive action based on careful, collaborative consideration.

Introduce the fifth step: Choose the Best Solution and Act. Explain that the 'best' solution considers effectiveness, efficiency, and communication. Discuss the importance of a clear action plan.

Step 6: Contingency Plan

No plan is foolproof. What if your chosen solution doesn't go as planned, or new problems arise?

  • What if no other operatory is available and the alternative light isn't sufficient?
  • What if the patient is upset about rescheduling and threatens to go to another office?
  • How will you ensure the failed equipment is properly tagged out for repair and not accidentally used?
  • What if the supervisor remains unavailable, and the issue needs urgent escalation?
  • How will you adjust the rest of the day's schedule to accommodate this disruption?

Always have a Plan B (and even a Plan C) to ensure resilience and continued productivity, especially when patient care is involved.

Introduce the concept of a contingency plan. Emphasize that not all solutions work perfectly, and a backup plan is essential in any workplace.

Step 7: Review and Reflect

After the problem is fully resolved, it's essential for the team to look back and learn from the experience.

  • Was the chosen solution effective in resolving the core problem and minimizing patient impact?
  • Were all communication protocols followed correctly throughout the process (internal and with patient)?
  • What aspects of the problem-solving process could have been done better or more efficiently?
  • What key lessons did the team learn from this incident that can be applied to future situations?
  • Are there any preventative measures that can be implemented to avoid similar problems (e.g., regular equipment checks, backup lighting solutions)?

This step helps you and your team grow, improve, and build a more resilient and efficient workplace for next time.

Introduce the final step: Review and Reflect. Explain that learning from problems helps prevent future issues and improves processes.

Team Challenge: Apply Your Skills!

Now it's your turn to put these skills into practice!

In your groups, you will receive a new general workplace problem scenario: the 'Digital Scenario Challenge'.

Your task: Collaboratively apply the 7-step Responsible Decision-Making Model to solve the problem and carefully outline your solution on the Shared Solution Document.

Remember to consider effective communication, teamwork, and critical thinking at every step!

Transition to the collaborative activity. Explain the 'Digital Scenario Challenge' and how they will use the decision-making model.

Wrap-Up: Present Your Solution

One or two teams will now role-play presenting their proposed solution to a 'supervisor.'

As you present, focus on:

  • Clearly explaining the identified problem and its potential impact.
  • Articulating your team's chosen solution, highlighting how each step of the decision-making model was used.
  • Justifying your choices, especially concerning project impact, client communication, and team efficiency.
  • Demonstrating effective teamwork and communication.

(Be prepared to answer questions from your 'supervisor'.)

Provide instructions for the wrap-up role-play. Emphasize clear communication and justification of decisions. Select one or two groups to present.

Exit Ticket

What is the most critical step in the responsible decision-making model and why? Explain your reasoning in 2-3 sentences.




Think about which step fundamentally ensures effectiveness, prevents bigger problems from occurring, or maintains positive team/client relationships.

Conclude with the exit ticket. Give students a few minutes to write their responses. Collect as a quick assessment of understanding.

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Activity

Digital Scenario Challenge: The Unexpected Equipment Failure

Scenario:

Your team is preparing for a busy day at a dental office. The first patient is due in 15 minutes for a routine filling. Suddenly, the main dental chair's light, which is essential for detailed work, stops functioning. The maintenance technician is not available immediately, and your supervisor is currently assisting another dentist in a different room and cannot be disturbed right away.

Your Task (as a Team):

Work together to apply the Responsible Decision-Making Model to this situation. Discuss each step and record your team's thoughts and decisions on the Shared Solution Document.

Responsible Decision-Making Model Steps:

  1. Identify the Problem: Clearly define what has happened and the immediate concerns.



  2. Gather Information: What do you observe? What are the potential risks? What resources (colleagues, available manuals, other equipment) might you need?






  3. Brainstorm Solutions: What are all the possible ways your team could address this problem? Think broadly and don't judge ideas yet.











  4. Evaluate Solutions: For each brainstormed solution, consider the pros and cons. Think about:

    • Impact: How will it affect patient care, appointment schedule, and team efficiency?
    • Resources: Do you have the necessary tools, information, and available team members?
    • Patient Experience: How will this affect the patient's comfort and trust?











  5. Choose the Best Solution & Act: Select the solution your team believes is most responsible and effective. Outline the immediate steps your team will take.











  6. Develop a Contingency Plan: What if your primary solution doesn't work? What's your backup plan?






  7. Review and Reflect (for later): How will you know if your solution was successful? What could be learned for next time?



Remember to consider all aspects of a professional workplace, including communication protocols, teamwork, and patient well-being, as you develop your solution!

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Project Guide

Team Solution Document: The Unexpected Equipment Failure

Team Members:



Our Problem-Solving Process

Scenario Reminder: The Unexpected Equipment Failure

Your team is preparing for a busy day at a dental office. The first patient is due in 15 minutes for a routine filling. Suddenly, the main dental chair's light, which is essential for detailed work, stops functioning. The maintenance technician is not available immediately, and your supervisor is currently assisting another dentist in a different room and cannot be disturbed right away.


1. Identify the Problem

What is the immediate problem? What are the potential risks and consequences?








2. Gather Information

What observations did your team make? What information do you need, and where would you find it? (e.g., colleagues, available manuals, other equipment, internal protocols)













3. Brainstorm Solutions

List all the possible solutions your team considered. (Aim for at least 3-5 ideas)












4. Evaluate Solutions

For your top 2-3 brainstormed solutions, describe the pros and cons, considering impact on patient care, appointment schedule, and team efficiency.

Solution A:

Pros:

Cons:


Solution B:

Pros:

Cons:



5. Choose the Best Solution & Act

Which solution did your team choose? Why? What are the immediate steps you would take?













6. Develop a Contingency Plan

What is your backup plan if your primary solution doesn't work as expected?








7. Review and Reflect (Self-Assessment)

How would you know if your solution was successful? What lessons did your team learn from this problem-solving exercise?







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Script

Teacher Script: Solving Problems on the Job

Introduction (Do Now - 5 minutes)

Teacher: "Good morning/afternoon everyone! Welcome to a really important session today that will help you tackle challenges effectively in any workplace setting. We're going to talk about 'Solving Problems on the Job: A Team Approach.'"

Teacher: "To get us started, please take about five minutes to respond to the 'Do Now' prompt displayed on the screen: 'Describe a time you had to solve a problem as a team at work or school.' Think about what the problem was, who was involved, and how you worked together. Write your response in your notebook or on a piece of paper."

(Allow 5 minutes for students to write. Circulate the room to check for engagement.)

Teacher: "Alright, let's hear from a few of you. Who would like to share a brief experience of solving a problem as a team? What did you learn from it?"

(Facilitate a brief class discussion, calling on 2-3 students. Affirm their experiences and connect to the idea that problems are a normal part of work/life.)

Direct Instruction: Responsible Decision-Making Model (15 minutes)

Teacher: "Great insights! As you've highlighted, problems are inevitable in any professional environment. That's why being able to solve them effectively is a critical skill. Let's look at why this matters so much."

(Display Workplace Problem-Solving Slides - Slide: 'Why Problem-Solving Matters')

Teacher: "As the slide shows, effective problem-solving is vital for project success, efficiency, quality, and teamwork. It's not just about fixing a broken part; it's about keeping projects on track, avoiding disruptions, meeting client expectations, and working well with your colleagues."

Teacher: "To understand this better, let's consider a common scenario you might encounter in a professional setting."

(Display Workplace Problem-Solving Slides - Slide: 'Scenario: The Dental Light Dilemma')

Teacher: "Imagine your team is preparing for a busy day at a dental office. The first patient is due in 15 minutes for a routine filling. Suddenly, the main dental chair's light, which is essential for detailed work, stops functioning. The maintenance technician is not available immediately, and your supervisor is currently assisting another dentist in a different room and cannot be disturbed right away. What's the immediate impact on patient care and the schedule? What would be your very first thought or action?"

(Allow students to offer initial thoughts. Guide them towards assessing impact and communication first.)

Teacher: "In situations like this, we need a clear, responsible way to approach the problem. We're going to use a 7-step Responsible Decision-Making Model. Let's break it down."

(Display Workplace Problem-Solving Slides - Slide: 'Step 1: Identify the Problem')

Teacher: "Step 1 is to Identify the Problem. This seems obvious, but it's crucial to define exactly what's wrong. For our dental light dilemma, the symptoms are the light not working, patient waiting, and supervisor busy. The core problem is the inability to perform the dental procedure, risking patient care. Immediate concerns are delaying the patient, impacting trust, and disrupting the schedule. Why is it important not to jump straight to a solution here?"

(Allow 1-2 student responses, guiding them to understand that a clear definition prevents misdiagnosis and ensures the right problem is addressed.)

(Display Workplace Problem-Solving Slides - Slide: 'Step 2: Gather Information')

Teacher: "Step 2: Gather Information. Once we know the problem, we need more data. What do we already know? What else do we need to know? Where could you look for information about a dental light issue?"

(Elicit responses like checking for simple fixes like a plug or fuse, consulting colleagues, reviewing equipment manuals or internal protocols.)

(Display Workplace Problem-Solving Slides - Slide: 'Step 3: Brainstorm Solutions (Team Approach!)')

Teacher: "Step 3: Brainstorm Solutions. This is where teamwork shines! Think of all possible ways to fix or respond to the problem, even if they sound a bit outlandish at first. No idea is a bad idea in brainstorming. What are some things you could do about the dental light not working for your patient?"

(Encourage a wide range of ideas, like trying a different light source, moving the patient to another operatory, contacting a different colleague, or offering to reschedule the patient.)

(Display Workplace Problem-Solving Slides - Slide: 'Step 4: Evaluate Solutions')

Teacher: "Step 4: Evaluate Solutions. Now we take those brainstormed ideas and look at their pros and cons. Patient care and office efficiency should always be top priorities. How does each idea affect the patient's experience, the appointment schedule, and what resources we have? For example, trying a different light source – what are the pros and cons? What about immediately rescheduling the patient?"

(Discuss the examples on the slide, emphasizing effective solutions and managing patient expectations.)

(Display Workplace Problem-Solving Slides - Slide: 'Step 5: Choose & Act!')

Teacher: "Step 5: Choose the Best Solution and Act. Based on your evaluation, pick the most responsible and effective path. For our dental light failure, a likely course of action would be: immediate team assessment for simple fixes, exploring alternative lighting, informing the front desk about a potential delay, briefly seeking supervisor's advice if feasible, and preparing for a backup reschedule if necessary. Why is acting decisively and collaboratively so important here, especially with a patient waiting?"

(Discuss consequences of delay, potential for worsening the patient's experience or disrupting the entire office schedule.)

(Display Workplace Problem-Solving Slides - Slide: 'Step 6: Contingency Plan')

Teacher: "Step 6: Contingency Plan. Even the best plan can hit a snag. What if no other operatory is available and the alternative light isn't sufficient? What if the patient is upset about rescheduling? You always need a Plan B. What are some backup plans we could have for this scenario?"

(Encourage thinking about alternative patient management, communication strategies, and immediate equipment repair protocols.)

(Display Workplace Problem-Solving Slides - Slide: 'Step 7: Review and Reflect')

Teacher: "And finally, Step 7: Review and Reflect. Once the problem is solved, it's crucial to look back. What went well? What could have been better? What did the team learn? This step is vital for continuous improvement and preventing similar issues in the future, especially in a patient-focused environment."

Collaborative Work: Digital Scenario Challenge (20 minutes)

Teacher: "Now that we've walked through the model, it's your turn to apply these skills!"

(Display Workplace Problem-Solving Slides - Slide: 'Team Challenge: Apply Your Skills!')

Teacher: "I'm going to divide you into small groups of 3-4 students. Each group will receive a new dental office problem scenario called the 'Digital Scenario Challenge'. Your task is to work together, apply all 7 steps of the Responsible Decision-Making Model to solve the problem, and outline your collaborative solution on the 'Shared Solution Document'. Remember to think about effective communication, teamwork, and critical thinking throughout your discussion, keeping patient well-being and office efficiency in mind."

(Divide students into groups. Distribute the Digital Scenario Challenge and ensure each group has access to the Shared Solution Document, whether digital or printed.)

Teacher: "I'll be circulating to provide support and answer any questions. You have 20 minutes for this activity. Begin!"

(Circulate among groups, listen to discussions, offer guidance, and prompt deeper thinking when needed. For example, 'How does that solution impact the patient?', or 'What resources would you need for that solution, and are they available?')

Wrap-up: Present Your Solution (5 minutes)

Teacher: "Alright everyone, let's bring it back together. We're going to wrap up with a quick role-play."

(Display Workplace Problem-Solving Slides - Slide: 'Wrap-Up: Present Your Solution')

Teacher: "I'd like one or two teams to briefly role-play presenting their proposed solution to a 'supervisor' – that can be me, or we can choose another student to play the role. Focus on clearly explaining the problem, outlining your team's solution using the decision-making steps, and justifying your choices, especially regarding patient care, office efficiency, and adherence to protocols. "

(Select one or two groups to present. Provide positive feedback on their application of the model and clear communication.)

Exit Ticket (Optional - can be collected at the end of class)

Teacher: "To finish up today, please complete this 'Exit Ticket' before you leave."

(Display Workplace Problem-Solving Slides - Slide: 'Exit Ticket')

Teacher: "The question is: 'What is the most critical step in the responsible decision-making model and why?' Think about which step truly ensures effectiveness, prevents bigger problems, or maintains positive team/client relationships. Write your response and hand it in as you leave."

(Collect exit tickets.)

Teacher: "Thank you for your excellent work today! Understanding how to solve problems collaboratively and responsibly will be invaluable in your future careers, no matter the field."

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