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Nature Detectives

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Lori Valiquette

Tier 2

Lesson Plan

Nature Detectives Lesson Plan

Students will use their senses to observe local plants and small fauna, recording key details in a field journal to build observation skills, practice fine motor tasks, and express discoveries through drawing.

This lesson promotes sensory engagement, strengthens fine motor coordination, and fosters curiosity about the natural world. Tailored for high-school autistic ESY students, it builds confidence through manageable tasks, structured support, and creative expression.

Audience

High School Autistic ESY Students

Time

30 minutes

Approach

Hands-on sensory observation

Materials

  • Observation Notepad, - Graphite Pencils, - Colored Pencils, - Magnifying Glass, - Clipboards, - Small Specimen Bags, - Field Journal Template, and - Nature Identification Cards

Prep

Gather Materials

5 minutes

  • Print one Field Journal Template for each student
  • Prepare sets of Nature Identification Cards
  • Place clipboards, pencils, colored pencils, and magnifying glasses at the outdoor station
  • Fill small specimen bags for collecting leaves or small items

Step 1

Introduction to Nature Detectives

5 minutes

  • Gather students in a circle outdoors or near a window with plant view
  • Explain objective: use senses to observe and record details of plants and small animals
  • Show examples on Nature Identification Cards
  • Model how to hold magnifying glass and sketch in journal

Step 2

Guided Observation

5 minutes

  • Hand out clipboards with Field Journal Template and tools
  • Guide students to examine one plant or insect
  • Prompt them to note color, shape, texture in journal
  • Assist fine motor needs: stabilize hand for drawing, offer stamp stickers for patterns

Step 3

Independent Exploration & Recording

15 minutes

  • Students explore designated area at their own pace
  • Encourage use of magnifying glass and notepad to record three observations
  • Teacher circulates to support sensory regulation and social engagement
  • Adapt by pairing students or offering choice of items to observe

Step 4

Share and Reflect

5 minutes

  • Regroup and ask each student to share one finding
  • Display drawings and identification cards
  • Provide positive feedback and label vocabulary (e.g., “serrated,” “veins”)
  • Encourage student questions and connections to previous lessons
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Worksheet

Nature Detectives Journal Template

Student Name: ____________________________ Date: ________________ Location: ____________________


Observation 1

What did you observe? (e.g., plant, insect, rock)


Color:


Shape:


Texture (smooth, rough, fuzzy, etc.):


Drawing:











Observation 2

What did you observe?


Color:


Shape:


Texture:


Drawing:











Observation 3

What did you observe?


Color:


Shape:


Texture:


Drawing:











Reflection

  1. Which observation was your favorite and why?





  2. What new word did you learn today? How would you use it?





  3. If you could explore again, what would you look for next time?





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Reading

Nature Identification Cards

Explore and learn about common plants and insects you might find on your nature walk. Use these cards to help you observe details, record facts in your journal, and share your discoveries!


1. Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale)

Image: A bright yellow flower with jagged petals on a hollow stem.
Key Features:

  • Bright yellow round “head” made of many small petals
  • Leaves are long, jagged, and grow close to the ground
  • After flowering, turns into a round white puffball of seeds
    Where to Find: Fields, lawns, sidewalks, and open areas.
    Fun Fact: Blow on the white puffball to watch the seeds float away!

2. Clover (Trifolium species)

Image: Low-growing green plant with three (or sometimes four!) round leaflets.
Key Features:

  • Each leaf has three round leaflets (lucky four-leaf clovers are rare!)
  • Small pink, white, or purple flower clusters
  • Smooth, unbranched stem
    Where to Find: Lawns, meadows, and along paths.
    Fun Fact: Bees love clover flowers because they produce lots of sweet nectar.

3. Oak Leaf (Quercus species)

Image: Brown or green leaf with deep, rounded lobes on a short stem.
Key Features:

  • Leaves have 5–9 rounded lobes (bumps) on each side
  • Leaf surface is smooth or slightly hairy underneath
  • Sturdy, hard leaf that turns brown in fall
    Where to Find: Under oak trees in parks or wooded areas.
    Fun Fact: The oak is called a “keystone species” because many animals depend on it for food and shelter.

4. Ladybug (Coccinellidae family)

Image: Small round beetle, bright red or orange with black spots.
Key Features:

  • Dome-shaped body with signature spots (usually 7 or more)
  • Short legs hidden under the shell when it walks
  • Flies by opening its hard shell wings
    Where to Find: Leaves of plants and flowers, near aphid colonies.
    Fun Fact: Ladybugs eat harmful garden pests like aphids—nature’s little helpers!

5. Ant (Formicidae family)

Image: Tiny black or brown insect walking in a line.
Key Features:

  • Three body segments: head, thorax, and abdomen
  • Six legs and a pair of bent antennae
  • Lives in colonies with queens and workers
    Where to Find: On the ground, trails, under rocks, or near food scraps.
    Fun Fact: Ants can carry objects up to 50 times their own body weight!

6. Monarch Butterfly (Danaus plexippus)

Image: Orange wings with black veins and white spots along the edges.
Key Features:

  • Bright orange wings with black web-like veins
  • White spots on the black wing borders
  • Feeds on nectar from flowers with a long tongue (proboscis)
    Where to Find: Milkweed patches, gardens, and open fields.
    Fun Fact: Monarchs migrate thousands of miles to warmer climates each winter!
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