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Metaphor Magic

Lesson Plan

Magical Metaphors Lesson Plan

Students will identify metaphors in context and create their own original metaphors, demonstrating understanding of figurative language through guided group discussion and individual practice.

Metaphors enrich reading comprehension and expressive writing by helping students grasp and use figurative language, essential for deeper engagement with texts and creative expression.

Audience

5th Grade Small Group (Tier 2)

Time

30 minutes

Approach

Guided group activities and individual practice

Materials

Prep

Review and Prepare Materials

5 minutes

Step 1

Introduction to Metaphors

5 minutes

  • Write “Metaphor” on the whiteboard and solicit student definitions.
  • Present a clear definition: a comparison without using “like” or “as.”
  • Share two vivid examples (e.g., “Time is a thief,” “Her smile was sunshine”).
  • Have students write one thing they love on sticky notes and post them on the board as prompts.

Step 2

Metaphor Identification

10 minutes

  • Distribute the Magical Metaphor Identification Worksheet.
  • Students work in pairs to read sentences and highlight the metaphors.
  • Circulate to prompt deeper discussion and clarify misunderstandings.
  • Reconvene and review one example together on the whiteboard.

Step 3

Metaphor Creation

10 minutes

  • Hand out the Magical Metaphor Creation Worksheet.
  • Students individually write three original metaphors: one describing a person, one an object, and one a feeling.
  • Encourage use of vivid, imaginative language and support students needing extra guidance.
  • Remind students to refer back to the definition and examples.

Step 4

Share and Reflect

5 minutes

  • Invite volunteers to share one of their created metaphors aloud.
  • Discuss as a group how each metaphor enhances the description.
  • Prompt reflection: “How can metaphors make our writing more engaging?”
  • Collect worksheets to assess understanding and provide feedback.
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Slide Deck

Magical Metaphors

Exploring Figurative Language

Objectives:
• Identify metaphors in context
• Create original metaphors

Welcome students! Today we’re diving into metaphors—comparisons that make our writing sparkle. Point to the objectives: by the end of this lesson, you’ll identify metaphors in text and create your own originals.

What Is a Metaphor?

A metaphor is a direct comparison between two unlike things without using “like” or “as.”

Example structure: X is Y

Ask students: “What do you think a metaphor is?” Write answers on the board. Then reveal the definition and emphasize that metaphors don’t use “like” or “as.”

Metaphor Examples

• Time is a thief.
• Her smile was sunshine.
• The classroom was a zoo.
• His idea was a lightbulb.

Read each example aloud. Invite volunteers to explain what two things are being compared and why the image is powerful.

Metaphor Identification Activity

• Work in pairs.
• Read each sentence on the worksheet.
• Highlight the metaphor and underline the comparison.
• Be ready to share one example.

Distribute the Magical Metaphor Identification Worksheet. Have students pair up, highlight metaphors, and discuss their choices. Circulate to guide and clarify.

Create Your Own Metaphors

Individually write three original metaphors:

  1. Describe a person
  2. Describe an object
  3. Describe a feeling

Hand out the Magical Metaphor Creation Worksheet. Encourage vivid, imaginative language. Remind students of our definition and examples.

Share and Reflect

• Volunteers share one metaphor aloud.
• Discuss how metaphors enhance description.
• Reflect: How can you use metaphors in your writing?

Invite volunteers to share their favorite created metaphor. Ask the class: “How did this comparison make the idea clearer or more interesting?” Summarize key takeaways.

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Worksheet

Magical Metaphor Identification Worksheet

Instructions

Underline the metaphor in each sentence. Then on the lines below, write the two things that are being compared.

  1. The city was a jungle, teeming with life day and night.





  2. His voice was music to her ears on that quiet morning.





  3. The snow is a white blanket covering the earth.





  4. Her eyes were diamonds, sparkling with curiosity.





  5. The wind was a howling wolf in the dark forest.






Reflection

Choose one of the metaphors above and explain why it is effective. Use complete sentences.










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Worksheet

Magical Metaphor Creation Worksheet

Instructions

Write an original metaphor for each prompt. Remember, a metaphor is a direct comparison between two unlike things without using “like” or “as.” Use vivid, imaginative language to make your comparisons come alive.

  1. Describe a person (for example, someone you admire) using a metaphor.






  2. Describe an object (for example, an everyday item) using a metaphor.






  3. Describe a feeling (for example, happiness, fear, excitement) using a metaphor.







Reflection (Optional)

Choose one of the metaphors you wrote above. Explain why you chose this comparison and how it helps the reader picture your subject.










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Answer Key

Metaphor Identification Answer Key

Use this key to check student responses on the Magical Metaphor Identification Worksheet. Each item below shows the correct metaphor, the two things being compared, and a brief explanation of why it works. A model reflection is provided to guide grading.


1. The city was a jungle, teeming with life day and night.

  1. Identify the metaphor
    • Metaphor phrase: “city was a jungle”
  2. Two things being compared
    • Cityjungle
  3. Explanation of effect
    • Compares the busy, crowded streets of a city to a wild jungle full of activity. Conveys chaos, noise, and constant motion.

2. His voice was music to her ears on that quiet morning.

  1. Identify the metaphor
    • Metaphor phrase: “voice was music to her ears”
  2. Two things being compared
    • His voicemusic
  3. Explanation of effect
    • Suggests his voice brings pleasure and comfort, just as beautiful music would.

3. The snow is a white blanket covering the earth.

  1. Identify the metaphor
    • Metaphor phrase: “snow is a white blanket”
  2. Two things being compared
    • Snowblanket
  3. Explanation of effect
    • Implies snow gently wraps and insulates the ground like a soft blanket, evoking warmth and calm.

4. Her eyes were diamonds, sparkling with curiosity.

  1. Identify the metaphor
    • Metaphor phrase: “eyes were diamonds”
  2. Two things being compared
    • Her eyesdiamonds
  3. Explanation of effect
    • Conveys brightness and value; emphasizes how her eyes shine and catch attention when she’s curious.

5. The wind was a howling wolf in the dark forest.

  1. Identify the metaphor
    • Metaphor phrase: “wind was a howling wolf”
  2. Two things being compared
    • Windwolf
  3. Explanation of effect
    • Gives the wind an eerie, animal-like quality; helps readers hear and feel the wind as something alive and unsettling.

Reflection Item (Sample Response)

Student prompt: Choose one of the metaphors above and explain why it is effective.

Model answer (using #3):
I chose “The snow is a white blanket covering the earth” because it helps me picture snow softly covering everything like a cozy blanket. It also suggests the ground is quiet and peaceful under the snow’s protection.

Grading Guidance for Reflection

  • Content (3 points): Explanation mentions both elements of the comparison (e.g., snow, blanket) and describes the image it creates.
  • Clarity (2 points): Student uses complete sentences and clear reasoning.
  • Depth (1 point): Goes beyond naming the objects and describes the emotional or sensory effect (e.g., peaceful, cozy).

Total: 6 points

Teachers can adapt the rubric as needed (e.g., move to a 4- or 8-point scale).


Use this answer key to provide targeted feedback:
• Confirm that students underline the correct phrase.
• Check their stated comparisons match those above.
• For the reflection, look for clear, detailed explanations of why the metaphor works.

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Cool Down

Metaphor Reflection Exit Ticket

Instructions

Please complete the following prompts to show your understanding of metaphors. Write in complete sentences where indicated.

  1. In your own words, what is a metaphor?



  2. Give one example of a metaphor we discussed today and explain which two things it compared.






  3. Write your own original metaphor and label the two things you are comparing.






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Rubric

Metaphor Creation Rubric

Assess student-created metaphors using three key criteria: Vividness of Language, Accuracy of Metaphor Structure, and Explanation & Justification. Each criterion is scored on a 4-point scale (1–4). Total possible points: 12.

Criteria4 – Exemplary3 – Proficient2 – Developing1 – Beginning
Vividness of LanguageUses highly imaginative, sensory-rich language that creates a clear, memorable mental image.Uses descriptive language that conveys the comparison effectively, with one or two vivid details.Uses basic descriptive words; the comparison is clear but lacks sensory detail.Uses minimal or generic language; the metaphor feels flat or unclear.
Accuracy of Metaphor StructureMetaphor is a clear, direct comparison between two unlike things without using “like” or “as,” and enhances meaning deeply.Metaphor correctly compares two unlike things without “like”/“as,” and supports the intended idea.Metaphor is mostly correct but may include a simile element or partially loose the direct comparison.Does not follow metaphor structure (e.g., uses “like”/“as,” or no comparison), or comparison is confusing.
Explanation & JustificationProvides a thorough explanation that names both elements, describes the image created, and analyzes the emotional or sensory effect in depth.Provides a clear explanation naming both elements and describing the image or effect, but with limited depth.Explanation mentions at least one element and the general effect, but lacks clarity or depth in analysis.Little or no explanation; fails to identify both elements or describe how the metaphor works.

Scoring Guide:

  • 4 points = Exemplary
  • 3 points = Proficient
  • 2 points = Developing
  • 1 point = Beginning

Total Score: ___ /12
Use this rubric to provide targeted feedback and identify areas for growth in students’ figurative writing.

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