Lesson Plan
Session 1 Lesson Plan
Students will define depression and identify at least three common symptoms by the end of the 25-minute session.
Understanding what depression is and recognizing its symptoms empowers students to seek help early, improve self-awareness, and build resilience.
Audience
High School Students (Teens)
Time
25 minutes
Approach
Interactive direct instruction, hands-on sorting, and guided discussion.
Prep
Review Session 1 Materials
5 minutes
- Review the Depression Definition Slides to ensure familiarity with key concepts
- Organize the Symptom Identification Cards into emotional, cognitive, and physical categories
- Print or prepare individual copies of the Depression Symptom Worksheet
- Read through the Depression Discussion Prompts and select appropriate questions
Step 1
Warm-Up
5 minutes
- Welcome the student and build rapport
- Use the Depression Discussion Prompts to ask: “On a scale of 1–10, how have you been feeling this week?” or “Share one word that describes your current mood.”
- Note responses to connect later content
Step 2
Direct Teach
7 minutes
- Present the Depression Definition Slides
- Define depression as persistent sadness, loss of interest, and impact on daily functioning
- Highlight emotional, cognitive, and physical symptom categories
- Invite the student to ask clarifying questions
Step 3
Activity
7 minutes
- Hand out the Symptom Identification Cards
- Student sorts cards into emotional, cognitive, and physical symptom piles
- Student completes the Depression Symptom Worksheet, listing three symptoms they recognize
- Provide guidance and support as needed
Step 4
Discussion
4 minutes
- Review the completed worksheet together
- Ask: “Which symptom resonates most with you or someone you know?” and “How might noticing these symptoms help you seek support?”
- Validate the student’s experiences and encourage openness
Step 5
Cool-Down
2 minutes
- Lead a brief mindful breathing exercise (3 deep breaths)
- Ask the student to share one key takeaway from the session
- Preview that next session will focus on coping strategies
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Slide Deck
Understanding Depression
• What is depression?
• Why it matters to talk about it
• Overview of emotional, cognitive, and physical symptoms
Welcome the student and introduce the session. Explain that today’s goal is to understand what depression is and recognize its key symptoms. Encourage openness and questions throughout.
What Is Depression?
Depression is a mental health condition characterized by:
• Persistent feelings of sadness or emptiness
• Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed
• Significant changes in daily functioning
Define depression in clear, teen-friendly terms. Emphasize that it’s more than just feeling sad.
Emotional Symptoms
Common emotional signs include:
• Persistent sadness or hopelessness
• Irritability or anger
• Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt
Discuss each emotional symptom, inviting the student to share if any resonate. Provide examples.
Cognitive Symptoms
Signs in thinking patterns:
• Trouble concentrating or making decisions
• Negative thought loops (“I’m a failure”)
• Memory problems or indecisiveness
Explain cognitive symptoms and how they affect thinking. Ask the student if they’ve noticed any changes in focus or memory.
Physical Symptoms
Physical changes can include:
• Persistent fatigue or low energy
• Changes in appetite or weight
• Sleep disturbances (insomnia or oversleeping)
Cover physical symptoms. Clarify that mental health can affect the body too.
Real-Life Example: Emotional
Alex stopped playing guitar because “it just didn’t feel fun anymore.” They describe feeling empty, tearful, and overwhelmed by small setbacks.
Share a relatable example of emotional symptoms. Encourage the student to identify with or contrast their own experiences.
Real-Life Example: Cognitive
Jordan finds it hard to focus in class. They replay mistakes in their head, thinking: “I’ll never get this right,” which makes studying feel impossible.
Present a cognitive vignette. Ask the student what thoughts they think Alex might be experiencing.
Real-Life Example: Physical
Sam sleeps 12 hours most days but still feels exhausted. They’ve lost their appetite and often get headaches after school.
Give a physical symptom story. Invite the student to reflect on how the body can signal distress.
Why Recognizing Symptoms Matters
• Promotes early support and treatment
• Reduces stigma by talking openly
• Builds self-awareness and resilience
Highlight why early recognition helps. Connect to help-seeking and coping skills covered in later sessions.
Session Recap & Questions
Today we learned:
- Definition of depression
- Emotional, cognitive, and physical symptoms
• What resonates most with you?
• Any questions before we finish?
Summarize the key points and set up the next session on coping strategies (ACT basics). Ask the student for any questions or reflections.
Worksheet
Session 1 Depression Symptom Worksheet
Please complete each of the following activities. Feel free to write in the spaces provided.
- In your own words, define depression:
- List three common symptoms of depression that you recognize:
a. Symptom 1: _________________________
b. Symptom 2: _________________________
c. Symptom 3: _________________________
- Choose one of the symptoms you listed above. Indicate whether it is an emotional, cognitive, or physical symptom, and explain why it fits that category:
- Reflection: Which of these symptoms resonates most with you or someone you know? How might noticing this symptom help you seek support or build resilience?
Activity
Symptom Sorting Activity
Instructions for Teacher:
Print and cut out each of the following cards. Ask the student to sort them into three piles labeled Emotional, Cognitive, and Physical symptoms of depression. After sorting, have the student pick three they recognize and discuss why they belong in each category.
Symptom Cards (cut into individual strips):
• Persistent feelings of sadness or emptiness
• Irritability or frequent anger outbursts
• Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt
• Loss of interest in favorite activities
• Trouble concentrating or making decisions
• Negative thought loops (e.g., “I’m a failure”)
• Memory problems or indecisiveness
• Replaying mistakes over and over in your mind
• Persistent fatigue or low energy
• Significant changes in appetite or weight
• Sleep disturbances (insomnia or oversleeping)
• Frequent headaches or unexplained aches and pains
Discussion
Session 1 Discussion Prompts
Use these prompts to guide reflection, validate experiences, and deepen understanding. Adapt question order based on the student’s comfort and engagement.
Warm-Up Questions (5 minutes)
- On a scale of 1–10, how have you been feeling this week?
Follow-up: What makes you choose that number? - Share one word that best describes your current mood.
Follow-up: Can you tell me more about why you chose that word? - Think of an activity you usually enjoy. Have you felt less interest or joy in it recently?
Follow-up: What did that feel like for you?
Symptom Reflection (4 minutes)
- Which symptom from your worksheet resonates most with you or someone you know?
Follow-up: How might noticing this symptom early help you seek support? - Have you ever experienced or observed any of these emotional, cognitive, or physical signs?
Follow-up: How did you or that person respond at the time?
Exploring Barriers & Supports (4 minutes)
- Why do you think it can be hard to talk about feelings like sadness or hopelessness?
Follow-up: What could make it feel safer to share these experiences? - Who or what helps you feel supported when you’re having a tough day?
Follow-up: How might you reach out to them if you notice these symptoms again?
Wrap-Up & Takeaways (2 minutes)
- What is one new insight you gained today about depression or its symptoms?
Follow-up: How do you think this insight could make a difference for you? - After talking through these prompts, how are you feeling right now?
Follow-up: Is there anything you’d like to explore further in our next session?
Teacher Tips:
- Offer gentle encouragement and normalizing statements (e.g., “It’s okay if this feels hard to talk about.”).
- Validate the student’s responses: “Thank you for sharing—that takes courage.”
- Adjust pacing: allow silence for processing and note nonverbal cues.
- Use student responses to connect Session 2’s focus on coping strategies and ACT basics.
Lesson Plan
Session 2 Lesson Plan
Students will understand the ACT framework and learn to use acceptance and cognitive defusion techniques, applying one technique to a personal stress-related thought.
Teaching ACT helps students build coping skills by learning to accept difficult emotions and distance themselves from unhelpful thoughts, promoting psychological flexibility and resilience.
Audience
High School Students (Teens)
Time
25 minutes
Approach
Slide presentation, hands-on practice, guided reflection
Materials
Prep
Prepare Session 2 Materials
5 minutes
- Review the ACT Introduction Slides to ensure familiarity with core ACT concepts
- Organize and cut out the Defusion Technique Cards
- Print individual copies of the ACT Practice Worksheet
- Read through the Session 2 Discussion Prompts and select questions to match the student’s needs
Step 1
Warm-Up
5 minutes
- Welcome the student and check in: “How have you been coping since our last session?”
- Ask: “Can you share a recent stressful thought or situation?”
- Note emotional language to revisit during defusion practice.
Step 2
Direct Teach
7 minutes
- Present the ACT Introduction Slides
- Define Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and the Hexaflex model
- Highlight two core processes: Acceptance (making space for feelings) and Cognitive Defusion (stepping back from thoughts)
- Invite questions and brief examples from the student’s experience
Step 3
Activity
7 minutes
- Hand out the Defusion Technique Cards
- Briefly describe two techniques (e.g., “Leaves on a Stream” and “Thank Your Mind”)
- Ask the student to choose one technique and apply it to the thought they shared
- Student completes the ACT Practice Worksheet, noting the moment they practiced and how it felt
Step 4
Discussion
4 minutes
- Review the completed worksheet together
- Ask: “What did you notice when you tried the defusion technique?”
- Prompt: “How might acceptance and defusion help you in future stressful moments?”
- Validate any challenges and reinforce small successes
Step 5
Cool-Down
2 minutes
- Lead a brief mindfulness exercise: three grounding breaths, noticing each inhale and exhale
- Ask the student to share one takeaway from today’s practice
- Preview Session 3: exploring personal values and committed action
Slide Deck
Introduction to ACT
Welcome! In this session we will:
• Define Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)
• Explore the Hexaflex model’s six processes
• Practice Acceptance and Cognitive Defusion
Welcome the student and introduce today’s focus. Explain that this session will cover the basics of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and two core processes: Acceptance and Cognitive Defusion.
What Is ACT?
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is a form of psychotherapy that helps people:
• Accept difficult emotions instead of fighting them
• Step back from unhelpful thoughts
• Commit to actions guided by personal values
Define ACT in clear, teen-friendly terms. Invite questions to gauge prior knowledge.
Why ACT Matters
By learning ACT, you can:
• Reduce struggle with painful feelings
• Increase psychological flexibility
• Make values-driven choices even when life feels hard
Highlight why ACT is useful for stress and low mood. Connect to students’ goals of building resilience.
The ACT Hexaflex Model
ACT is built around six interrelated processes:
- Acceptance 2. Cognitive Defusion 3. Present Moment 4. Self-as-Context 5. Values 6. Committed Action
Today’s focus: Acceptance & Defusion
Introduce the six core processes of ACT. Explain that we’ll focus on two today.
Core Process: Acceptance
Acceptance means:
• Allowing thoughts and feelings to be as they are
• Creating space instead of fighting or avoiding them
It doesn’t mean liking them—just noticing them without struggle.
Define Acceptance. Emphasize making space for feelings rather than avoiding them.
Acceptance in Action
Exercise:
- Close your eyes and notice any feeling in your body.
- Acknowledge it by naming it (e.g., “I notice tightness”).
- Take three slow breaths, letting the feeling simply be.
Lead the student through a brief, guided acceptance exercise.
Core Process: Cognitive Defusion
Cognitive Defusion means:
• Stepping back from your thoughts
• Seeing them as words or sounds, not facts
• Reducing their power over your actions
Define Cognitive Defusion. Explain how it differs from suppression or rumination.
Defusion Techniques
Two simple techniques:
• Leaves on a Stream: Imagine thoughts as leaves floating by on water.
• Thank Your Mind: Label each thought with “Thanks, mind!” and let it go.
Introduce two practical defusion techniques the student will choose from in the activity.
Real-Life Example: Defusion
If the thought “I’ll fail this test” arises:
- Notice it and mentally say, “Thanks, mind,”
- Picture it as a leaf drifting downstream,
- Return attention to your breathing.
Show how to apply a defusion technique to a personal thought or worry.
Session Recap & Questions
Today we:
• Defined ACT and its Hexaflex model
• Practiced Acceptance and Cognitive Defusion
Questions or reflections before we end?
Summarize key points and invite the student to ask questions or share reflections.
Worksheet
Session 2 ACT Practice Worksheet
Use this worksheet to apply a Cognitive Defusion technique to a real thought or worry you’ve experienced.
- Describe a recent stressful or negative thought (in your own words):
- Which defusion technique did you choose?
• Leaves on a Stream
• Thank Your MindExplain why you selected this technique:
- Step-by-step, how did you apply the technique to your thought?
(For example: “I pictured the thought as a leaf…”)
- Rate how distressing the thought felt on a scale of 1–10:
a. Before defusion: ___
b. After defusion: ___
- Reflection: What did you notice changed after using the technique?
(Feelings, thoughts, or behaviors.)
- Future Application:
a. Identify one situation where this technique could help you again:
b. What challenges might you face when using it in the future, and how could you overcome them?
Activity
Defusion Technique Cards
Instructions for Teacher:
Print this page and cut out each card (use scissors along the dotted lines). Ask the student to choose one technique to practice with a stress-related thought they shared during the Warm-Up. After practicing, discuss how it felt.
Leaves on a Stream
Imagine each thought as a leaf floating on a gentle stream:
- Close your eyes and bring to mind the specific thought.
- See it transform into a leaf.
- Watch that leaf drift downstream, noticing it without judgment.
- Let it float away, returning your focus to the present moment.
Thank Your Mind
Use gratitude to create distance from unhelpful thoughts:
- Notice when a stressful or negative thought arises.
- Mentally say, “Thanks, mind,” to acknowledge it.
- Allow the thought to pass without engaging or arguing with it.
- Return your attention to your breath or surroundings.
Discussion
Session 2 Discussion Prompts
Use these prompts to guide reflection on today’s ACT practice and plan for applying these skills in daily life. Adapt the order and follow‐ups based on the student’s responses and comfort level.
Reflection on Defusion Practice (2 minutes)
- What did you notice when you tried your chosen defusion technique?
Follow-up: Did any sensations, thoughts, or emotions shift? How? - How distressing did the thought feel before and after using the technique?
Follow-up: What might explain any change you observed?
Exploring Acceptance (2 minutes)
- How did it feel to allow the thought or feeling to be present without trying to push it away?
Follow-up: Was there any part of you that resisted or welcomed this approach? - What surprised you about the experience of acceptance or defusion?
Follow-up: Why do you think that happened for you?
Planning for Future Use (2 minutes)
- In what other situations could you use acceptance or defusion?
Follow-up: How might applying these strategies help you cope? - What obstacles might make it hard to use these techniques in the future?
Follow-up: What small steps could you take to overcome those obstacles?
Wrap‐Up & Takeaways (2 minutes)
- What is one key insight or takeaway from today’s practice?
Follow-up: How will you try putting this insight into action before our next session? - After talking through these prompts, how are you feeling right now?
Follow-up: Is there anything you’d like to explore further next time?
Teacher Tips:
- Offer gentle encouragement and normalize the practice: “It’s normal if this felt different or even awkward at first.”
- Validate the student’s observations: “Noticing that shift shows you’re tuning into your experience.”
- Use pauses to allow processing and note nonverbal cues.
- Connect student responses to the next session’s focus on personal values and committed action.
Lesson Plan
Session 3 Lesson Plan
Students will identify their personal core values, connect each to a small committed action, and plan one value-driven step to take before the next meeting.
Clarifying values and linking them to concrete actions fosters motivation, resilience, and a sense of purpose—key skills for coping with depression and stress.
Audience
High School Students (Teens)
Time
25 minutes
Approach
Slide instruction, hands-on sorting, and reflective planning
Prep
Prepare Session 3 Materials
5 minutes
- Review the Values and Committed Action Slides
- Print or photocopy the Values Clarification Worksheet
- Organize and cut out the Personal Values Card Sort
- Read through the Session 3 Discussion Prompts and select questions that fit the student’s interests
Step 1
Warm-Up
5 minutes
- Welcome and check in: “How have you been using ACT techniques we practiced?”
- Ask: “Since our last session, have you noticed any situations where your values guided your actions?”
- Note student’s examples to connect to the next activity
Step 2
Direct Teach
7 minutes
- Present the Values and Committed Action Slides
- Define personal values as the guiding principles that matter most to you
- Explain committed action: taking steps that align your behavior with your values
- Show examples of simple, value-driven actions
- Invite questions and brief reflections from the student
Step 3
Activity
7 minutes
- Hand out the Personal Values Card Sort
- Ask the student to sort cards into “Very Important,” “Somewhat Important,” and “Not as Important” piles
- Have the student select their top three values and complete the Values Clarification Worksheet, listing one specific action for each value
- Provide support and model examples as needed
Step 4
Discussion
4 minutes
- Review the student’s worksheet and chosen top values
- Ask: “Which small action will you commit to this week for one of your top values?”
- Discuss potential obstacles and brainstorm solutions together
- Validate the student’s plan and emphasize flexibility and self-compassion
Step 5
Cool-Down
2 minutes
- Lead a brief grounding exercise: three mindful breaths, noticing body and breath
- Ask the student to share one key takeaway and their committed action
- Encourage them to observe value-driven moments before the next session
Slide Deck
Values & Committed Action
In this session we will:
• Define what personal values are
• Explore why values matter
• Learn how to link values to small committed actions
• Plan a value-driven step to take before next time
Welcome the student and introduce today’s focus. Explain that we’ll explore personal values and how to turn them into small, meaningful actions.
What Are Personal Values?
Personal values are the guiding principles that matter most to you—
• They reflect what you care about
• They shape your choices and actions
• They give your life meaning and direction
Define values in straightforward, teen-friendly language. Encourage the student to think broadly.
Examples of Core Values
Some common values include:
• Connection (family, friendship)
• Growth (learning, creativity)
• Health (well-being, balance)
• Adventure (exploration, challenge)
• Kindness (compassion, generosity)
• Responsibility (truth, fairness)
Show a variety of common values to help the student identify with them or consider new ones.
Why Values Matter
• Provide motivation and direction
• Help prioritize goals and decisions
• Increase resilience when facing challenges
• Connect actions to a deeper sense of purpose
Explain why clarifying values can support mental health and motivation.
What Is Committed Action?
Committed action means:
• Taking specific steps that align with your values
• Making choices—even small ones—that reflect what matters
• Building habits that keep you moving toward what’s important
Introduce the concept of committed action and how it relates to values.
Linking Values to Actions
- Identify a value
- Choose a small, concrete action that reflects this value
- Plan when and how you will do it
- Notice how it feels to act on your value
Outline a simple process for turning values into actions.
Identifying Your Top Values
- Review the list of values
- Pick 5–7 that feel important
- Rank your top 3 in order of personal meaning
Guide the student through initial steps of identifying their own values.
Real-Life Example
Value: Connection
Committed Action: Text a friend or family member to check in
Outcome: Strengthened relationship and sense of support
Provide a real-world example to illustrate the process, making it relatable.
Planning Your Committed Actions
For each of your top 3 values:
• Write the value
• List one small action you can do this week
• Specify when or where you will do it
Encourage planning a small, achievable step for each top value.
Session Recap & Questions
Today we:
- Defined personal values
- Explored why values matter
- Learned how to link values to action
- Planned value-driven steps
• What stands out to you?
• Any questions before we end?
Summarize key takeaways, validate the student’s insights, and open for any questions.
Activity
Personal Values Card Sort
Instructions for Teacher:
Print this page and cut out each value card along the dotted lines. Ask the student to sort the cards into three piles labeled Very Important, Somewhat Important, and Not as Important. After sorting, have the student select their top 3 values to use in the Values Clarification Worksheet.
• Connection (relationships with family and friends)
• Growth (learning new skills, personal development)
• Health (physical wellness, balance)
• Adventure (exploration, trying new things)
• Kindness (compassion, generosity)
• Responsibility (reliability, accountability)
• Honesty (truthfulness, integrity)
• Creativity (artistic expression, innovation)
• Community (belonging, social contribution)
• Achievement (success, goal attainment)
• Security (safety, stability)
• Independence (autonomy, self-reliance)
• Fun (enjoyment, playfulness)
• Spirituality (faith, meaning)
Worksheet
Session 3 Values Clarification Worksheet
Use this worksheet to connect your top values to small, actionable steps you can take this week.
- Value #1: ___________________________
Why is this value important to you?
Action you will take this week to live this value:
When and where will you do this action?
- Value #2: ___________________________
Why is this value important to you?
Action you will take this week to live this value:
When and where will you do this action?
- Value #3: ___________________________
Why is this value important to you?
Action you will take this week to live this value:
When and where will you do this action?
- Potential challenges: What might get in the way of carrying out these actions?
- Strategies to overcome these challenges: Who or what could support you?
- Reflection: How do you think acting on your values might influence your mood, stress, or sense of purpose?
Discussion
Session 3 Discussion Prompts
Use these prompts to guide reflection on values, solidify planning, and boost self‐efficacy. Adjust order and pacing to fit the student’s needs.
Warm-Up & Reflection (3 minutes)
- How did it feel to identify your top three values?
Follow-up: Did any value surprise you when you ranked it? - Which value feels most central to who you are?
Follow-up: Why does this value stand out?
Committed Action Planning (4 minutes)
- Of the actions you listed, which one are you most excited or motivated to try?
Follow-up: What about this action makes it meaningful? - What potential obstacles might get in the way of your chosen action?
Follow-up: How could you prepare or adjust to overcome these obstacles? - Who or what could support you when you carry out this action?
Follow-up: How might you involve them or remind yourself of their support?
Reflection on Impact (3 minutes)
- How do you think taking this specific step will influence your mood, stress levels, or sense of purpose?
Follow-up: What positive changes do you hope to notice? - If the action doesn’t go as planned, what could you do next?
Follow-up: How might you show yourself kindness and keep moving forward?
Wrap-Up & Next Steps (2 minutes)
- What is one key insight or takeaway from today’s session?
Follow-up: How will you remind yourself of this insight before our next meeting? - On a scale of 1–10, how confident do you feel about carrying out your committed action?
Follow-up: What small step could boost your confidence further?
Teacher Tips:
- Validate the student’s planning: “You’re making a clear, doable plan—well done.”
- Encourage flexibility: “Plans can change; notice what works and what needs tweaking.”
- Normalize setbacks: “It’s okay if things don’t go perfectly. Adjust and keep going.”
- Use positive reinforcement: “Remember, any step you take toward your values matters.”