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Heartbeat of the Hallway

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Lesson Plan

Hallway Mapping Guide

Students will independently observe and map areas of positive and negative school climate in campus hallways, collect and log their data, identify patterns, and collaboratively propose solutions to strengthen PBIS Tier 1 school climate.

Engaging students in real‐world observation empowers them to understand and improve their environment, builds buy‐in for PBIS/MTSS initiatives, and fosters ownership of a positive school culture.

Audience

Middle School Students

Time

45 minutes

Approach

Hands‐on observation, data logging, collaborative analysis.

Prep

Setup and Print Materials

10 minutes

Step 1

Introduction & Objectives

5 minutes

  • Welcome students and explain the goal: to map positive (green) and negative (red) climate ‘hotspots’ in school hallways.
  • Briefly review PBIS & MTSS Tier 1 and how student data informs whole‐school climate improvements.
  • Distribute Hotspot Data Log and explain columns.

Step 2

Climate Hotspot Overview

5 minutes

  • Present the Climate Hotspot Overview slide deck:
    • Define positive vs. negative climate indicators (e.g., friendly interactions, litter, noise levels).
    • Show photo examples of hallway hotspots.
  • Clarify observation criteria and answer questions.

Step 3

Station Rotation Observations

20 minutes

  • Divide students into small groups and assign starting stations.
  • At each station, groups have 3–4 minutes to:
    • Walk quietly through the hallway segment.
    • Log observations on Hotspot Data Log: note location, type, and intensity of climate indicators.
  • Rotate groups until all have visited each segment.

Step 4

Data Analysis & Pattern Identification

5 minutes

  • Return to the classroom and post all logs by station on the floor plan map.
  • In pairs, students review logs to find recurring positive and negative patterns.
  • Use colored markers to highlight hotspots on the floor plan.

Step 5

Solutions Brainstorm Discussion

8 minutes

  • Guided by Solutions Brainstorm, each group proposes 1–2 actionable solutions for top negative hotspots and how to reinforce positive ones.
  • Record ideas on chart paper or digital doc.

Step 6

Wrap‐Up & Next Steps

2 minutes

  • Summarize key findings and proposed solutions.
  • Explain how the compiled data and suggestions will be shared with the PBIS/MTSS team.
  • Encourage students to look for improvements in the hallways over the coming weeks.
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Slide Deck

Climate Hotspot Overview

Identifying positive and negative climate indicators in our hallways to support PBIS & MTSS improvements.

Welcome everyone! Introduce the slide deck and explain that we’ll learn how to spot “climate hotspots” in our hallways—places where the school climate feels especially positive or negative. Emphasize that these observations will help improve our school environment.

Objectives

By the end of this overview, you will be able to:

• Define what a climate hotspot is
• Recognize positive vs. negative climate indicators
• Understand observation criteria and logging procedures

Read aloud the objectives. Encourage students to ask questions if anything seems unclear before we begin the hallway observations.

Positive Climate Indicators

• Friendly interactions & greetings
• Clean, organized hallways
• Cooperative behaviors (e.g., holding doors)
• Supportive messages (posters, student work on walls)
• Calm noise levels

Explain each indicator with a quick example or gesture. For instance: “Friendly greetings” might be two students smiling and saying hello as they pass.

Negative Climate Indicators

• Litter, graffiti, or vandalism
• Loud or disruptive noise levels
• Excluding or ignoring peers
• Conflicts or arguments
• Closed‐off body language (heads down, avoiding eye contact)

Emphasize that negative hotspots aren’t PEOPLE—they’re behaviors and environmental cues that make the hallway feel unfriendly or unsafe.

Photo Examples

[Left] Students chatting politely, clean walls, bright lighting

[Right] Litter on floor, messy lockers, students looking upset

Show these images and ask: “Which side feels more positive? Which feels negative? Why?” This gets students thinking visually.

Observation Guidelines

• Move quietly through assigned hallway segment
• Use your Hotspot Data Log to record:
– Location (segment name or number)
– Indicator type (positive/negative)
– Intensity (mild, moderate, severe)
• Mark green for positive, red for negative

Walk through each bullet. Clarify that “intensity” means how strong the indicator feels—mild (small litter), moderate (lots of noise), severe (verbal conflict).

Ready to Observe

• Grab your Hotspot Data Log worksheet
• Head to your first Observation Station
• Stay on task and log every hotspot you notice

Let’s make our school even better—one hallway at a time!

Wrap up the overview and transition students to the station instructions posted in the hallways. Remind them to follow rotation times and return promptly.

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Activity

Observation Station Rotation

Objective: Students will work in small groups to observe different hallway segments, record positive and negative climate indicators, and share findings with their peers.

Materials:

  • Station signs labeled Station 1, Station 2, etc., posted at each hallway segment
  • Hotspot Data Log worksheets (one per student)
  • Timers or a bell to signal rotation
  • Colored markers for group discussion

Setup:

  • Place each station sign clearly at its assigned hallway segment.
  • Prepare a timer or bell to ring every 4 minutes.
  • Ensure each station’s sign includes a brief reminder of observation criteria (positive vs. negative indicators, intensity levels).

Group Roles (rotate roles at each station if time allows):

  1. Observer: Moves quietly through the segment, watching for climate cues.
  2. Recorder: Logs each hotspot on the Hotspot Data Log (location, type, intensity).
  3. Timekeeper: Starts the timer and signals when to rotate.
  4. Reporter: Holds onto the group’s completed logs and will summarize findings at the end.

Rotation Schedule:

  • Total stations: 4 (adjust if more segments exist)
  • Observation per station: 4 minutes
  • Rotation signal: bell or timer at end of each 4-minute interval
  • Groups move clockwise to the next station until all are visited

Instructions:

  1. Divide students into groups of four and assign each group to a starting station.
  2. Assign each student a distinct role.
  3. On the teacher’s start signal, begin a 4-minute observation:
    • The Observer scans for positive (green) and negative (red) indicators.
    • The Recorder notes each hotspot on the Hotspot Data Log, including segment name, indicator type, and intensity (mild/moderate/severe).
  4. When the Timekeeper’s bell rings, groups quietly rotate to their next station.
  5. Repeat observations until every group has visited all stations.
  6. Return to the classroom to prepare for the Data Analysis & Pattern Identification step of the activity.
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Worksheet

Hotspot Data Log

Student Name: ____________________________ Date: ________________

Use this log to record each climate hotspot you observe during your hallway station rotation. For every hotspot, note the location, whether it’s positive or negative, how intense it is, and any brief notes or descriptions.

#Location (Station Name/Number)Indicator Type (Positive/Negative)Intensity (mild / moderate / severe)Notes / Description
1
2
3
4
5
6

Additional Observations or Sketches:













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Discussion

Solutions Brainstorm Discussion

In this discussion, you and your group will turn your hallway observations into concrete, student-led actions that reduce negative hotspots and reinforce positive ones. Use your Hotspot Data Log entries and the floor-plan map to support your ideas.


1. Review & Reflect

  1. Which 2 negative hotspots did your group observe most frequently or intensely? Explain why they stood out.






  2. Which 2 positive hotspots did you notice? How do these behaviors or conditions make the hallway feel better?







2. Brainstorm Actionable Solutions

A. Negative Hotspots
For each of your top 2 negative hotspots, complete the table below:

Negative HotspotPossible Cause(s)Student-Led SolutionResources/Support Needed
1.
2.











B. Positive Hotspots
For each of your top 2 positive hotspots, think of one way to maintain or expand it:

Positive HotspotReinforcement StrategyWho Can Help?
1.
2.










3. Plan & Commit to Next Steps

Select one negative and one positive solution from your tables above to implement first. For each, answer:

  • What will we do?




  • Who is responsible?




  • When and where will it happen?





4. Share Out

Record your final action plan on chart paper or in the shared digital document. Be prepared to present your group’s ideas in 1–2 minutes:

  • Describe your chosen negative-hotspot solution and its impact.
  • Explain how you’ll reinforce a positive hotspot.


    Let’s work together to turn observations into improvements!
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