Lesson Plan
Halves vs. Wholes Focus Lesson
Students will be able to identify and differentiate between whole objects and objects divided into halves.
Understanding halves is a foundational skill for all future fraction concepts. This lesson helps students build a strong base for more complex math.
Audience
1st Grade Students
Time
30 minutes
Approach
Interactive learning through visual aids, a game, and a hands-on activity.
Materials
Whiteboard or Projector, Markers, Spot the Half Visual Guide, Fraction Flip Card Match, Color the Half Challenge, and Fraction Flip & Color Key
Prep
Teacher Preparation
10 minutes
- Review the Spot the Half Visual Guide to familiarize yourself with the slides.
- Print and cut out the cards for the Fraction Flip Card Match.
- Print copies of the Color the Half Challenge worksheet for each student.
- Have the Fraction Flip & Color Key ready for quick checking.
- Ensure whiteboard/projector and markers are available.
- Review all generated materials as needed.
Step 1
Introduction: What's a Whole?
5 minutes
- Display Slide 1 from the Spot the Half Visual Guide.
* Teacher Script: "Good morning, mathematicians! Today, we're going on an exciting adventure to explore 'halves' and 'wholes'. Can anyone tell me what a 'whole' apple looks like? Yes, it's one complete apple! What about a whole cookie?"
* Discuss: Show examples of whole objects (apple, pizza, sandwich) and ask students to identify them as "whole." Use Slide 2 from the Spot the Half Visual Guide.
Step 2
Introducing Halves
7 minutes
- Display Slide 3 from the Spot the Half Visual Guide.
* Teacher Script: "Now, what happens if I cut my apple exactly in half? How many pieces do I have? And are they the same size? That's right! When we cut something into two equal parts, each part is called a 'half.'"
* Discuss: Use Slide 4 and Slide 5 from the Spot the Half Visual Guide to show various objects divided into halves and non-halves. Ask students to identify which pictures show halves and explain why.
Step 3
Fraction Flip Card Match Game
10 minutes
- Introduce: "Let's play a game called Fraction Flip Card Match! This game will help us practice finding halves."
* Instructions: Distribute the Fraction Flip Card Match cards. Explain the rules: Students will match pictures of whole objects with pictures of the same object divided into two equal halves. Circulate and assist students as they play, reinforcing the concept of equal parts.
* Facilitate: Encourage students to verbalize their reasoning when making matches.
Step 4
Color the Half Challenge
6 minutes
- Introduce: "You all did a great job with our game! Now, let's show what we know with a 'Color the Half Challenge' worksheet."
* Instructions: Distribute the Color the Half Challenge worksheet. Explain that students need to color only one half of each object that is divided into two equal parts. Remind them to think about whether the parts are truly equal.
* Support: Provide individual support as needed. Use the Fraction Flip & Color Key to quickly check understanding.
Step 5
Wrap-up and Review
2 minutes
- Review: Briefly review the key concept: a whole is one complete item, and a half is one of two equal parts. Ask students for one example of a whole and one example of a half.
* Teacher Script: "Fantastic work today, everyone! You're all becoming fraction superstars. Keep an eye out for halves and wholes in your everyday life!"
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Slide Deck
What's a Whole?
Think: What does 'whole' mean?
- One complete thing
- Nothing missing
Examples:
- A whole apple 🍎
- A whole pizza 🍕
- A whole cookie 🍪
Let's look at some examples together!
Welcome students and introduce the topic. Ask them to share what they know about 'whole' things.
Whole Objects!
Are these objects WHOLE?
- Yes! A complete banana 🍌
- Yes! A full chocolate bar 🍫
- Yes! An untouched orange 🍊
What other whole objects do you see around you?
Show various images of whole objects and ask students to confirm they are 'whole'. Encourage discussion.
Introducing Halves!
What is a Half?
- When you divide a whole into two equal parts.
- Each part is a half!
If the parts are not equal, they are not halves!
Let's see some examples!
Introduce the concept of 'half'. Emphasize the idea of equal parts.
Finding Halves
Which pictures show halves?
- A sandwich cut into two equal pieces!
- A cookie broken into two identical parts!
- A watermelon sliced perfectly down the middle!
Remember: two EQUAL parts!
Show examples of objects correctly divided into halves. Ask students to identify them and explain why they are halves.
Not Always Halves!
Are these always halves?
- A piece of paper ripped unevenly.
- An apple with a tiny bite taken out.
- A pizza cut into one big slice and one tiny slice.
Why are these not halves?
Show examples where objects are not divided into equal halves. Ask students to explain why they are not halves.
Game
Fraction Flip Card Match!
Objective: Match cards showing a whole object with cards showing the same object divided into two equal halves.
Materials:
- Set of game cards (Print and cut out before class!)
- Card Type 1: Whole Objects (e.g., a whole apple, a whole pizza, a whole cookie, a whole sandwich, a whole orange, a whole rectangle)
- Card Type 2: Halved Objects (e.g., an apple cut into two equal halves, a pizza cut into two equal halves, a cookie broken into two equal halves, a sandwich cut into two equal halves, an orange cut into two equal halves, a rectangle divided into two equal halves)
Instructions:
- Preparation: Shuffle all the cards and lay them face down in a grid (like a memory game) on a table or the floor.
- Player Turns: Students take turns flipping over two cards.
- Making a Match:
- If the two cards show a whole object and its corresponding equal half (e.g., a whole apple and an apple cut in half), the student keeps the pair.
- As they make a match, ask the student to explain why it's a match and how they know it shows a whole and a half.
- No Match: If the cards do not match, the student flips them back over, and the next student takes a turn.
- Winning the Game: The game ends when all pairs have been matched. The student with the most pairs wins!
Teacher Tips:
- Circulate and listen to student explanations to check for understanding.
- If students struggle, provide hints or guide them to remember the key concept of equal parts for halves.
Worksheet
Color the Half Challenge!
Directions: Look at each picture below. If the object is divided into two EQUAL parts, color ONE of those parts. If the object is not divided into equal parts, leave it blank.
-
Apple
(Image of an apple cut perfectly in half)
-
Pizza
(Image of a pizza cut into two unequal slices)
-
Sandwich
(Image of a sandwich cut diagonally into two equal halves)
-
Cookie
(Image of a cookie broken into two very different sized pieces)
-
Rectangle
(Image of a rectangle divided in half vertically)
-
Orange
(Image of an orange with one small piece removed, not cut in half)
-
Circle
(Image of a circle divided horizontally into two equal halves)
-
Banana
(Image of a banana split lengthwise into two roughly equal pieces)
Answer Key
Fraction Flip & Color Key
This key provides the correct answers and reasoning for the Color the Half Challenge worksheet.
-
Apple
- Answer: Color one half of the apple.
- Reasoning: The apple is divided into two equal parts, making each part a half.
-
Pizza
- Answer: Leave blank.
- Reasoning: The pizza is divided into two unequal parts, so they are not halves.
-
Sandwich
- Answer: Color one half of the sandwich.
- Reasoning: The sandwich is cut diagonally into two equal parts, making each part a half.
-
Cookie
- Answer: Leave blank.
- Reasoning: The cookie is broken into two unequal pieces, so they are not halves.
-
Rectangle
- Answer: Color one half of the rectangle.
- Reasoning: The rectangle is divided vertically into two equal parts, making each part a half.
-
Orange
- Answer: Leave blank.
- Reasoning: The orange has a piece removed but is not divided into two equal halves.
-
Circle
- Answer: Color one half of the circle.
- Reasoning: The circle is divided horizontally into two equal parts, making each part a half.
-
Banana
- Answer: Color one half of the banana.
- Reasoning: The banana is split lengthwise into two roughly equal pieces, representing halves.