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Fluency: Add & Subtract

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Lesson Plan

Fluency: Add & Subtract

Students will fluently add and subtract within 1000 using various strategies.

Developing strong addition and subtraction fluency is essential for daily problem-solving and serves as a critical building block for all future mathematical concepts, ensuring students can confidently tackle more complex challenges.

Audience

3rd Grade

Time

30 minutes

Approach

Engaging activities and direct instruction.

Materials

Prep

Teacher Preparation

10 minutes

Step 1

Warm-Up: Number Talk

5 minutes

Step 2

Mini-Lesson: Strategies for Fluency

10 minutes

  • Use the Addition & Subtraction Fluency Slide Deck to review different strategies for adding and subtracting within 1000 (e.g., standard algorithm, breaking apart numbers, number line).
  • Work through a few examples together as a class, encouraging student participation and discussion of strategies.

Step 3

Guided Practice: Partner Problems

5 minutes

  • Present a few problems on the Addition & Subtraction Fluency Slide Deck.
  • Have students work with a partner to solve the problems, discussing their methods. Circulate to provide support and assess understanding.

Step 4

Independent Practice: Worksheet

8 minutes

  • Distribute the Fluency Practice Worksheet.
  • Students will work independently to solve the addition and subtraction problems.
  • Provide support to individual students as needed.

Step 5

Cool-Down: Exit Ticket

2 minutes

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Slide Deck

Math Masters: Add & Subtract!

Let's become super speedy and accurate with our numbers!

Welcome students and introduce the lesson's focus on becoming math masters!

Adding Strategies

1. Standard Algorithm

  345
+ 123
-----

2. Breaking Apart Numbers

345 + 123 =
(300 + 40 + 5) + (100 + 20 + 3)

3. Number Line

Start at 345, jump 100, jump 20, jump 3.

Explain that fluency means being quick and accurate. Introduce different strategies for adding within 1000.

Subtracting Strategies

1. Standard Algorithm

  458
- 235
-----

2. Breaking Apart Numbers

458 - 235 =
458 - 200 - 30 - 5

3. Number Line

Start at 458, jump back 200, jump back 30, jump back 5.

Explain different strategies for subtracting within 1000.

Let's Practice Addition!

Work with a partner to solve:

567 + 231 = ?

Think: Which strategy will you use?

Lead students through a guided practice problem for addition. Encourage them to use and discuss different strategies.

Let's Practice Subtraction!

Work with a partner to solve:

789 - 345 = ?

Think: Which strategy will you use?

Lead students through a guided practice problem for subtraction. Encourage them to use and discuss different strategies.

Time to Shine! Independent Practice

Now it's your turn to show what you know! You'll get a worksheet to practice your addition and subtraction skills.

Transition to the independent practice worksheet.

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Warm Up

Addition & Subtraction Warm Up: Mental Math Challenge

Get your brains ready! Solve these problems in your head and be prepared to explain your thinking.

  1. 125 + 75 =


  2. 300 - 140 =


  3. (60 + 20) + (5 + 8) =


  4. 500 - 99 =


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Worksheet

Fluency Practice Worksheet: Add & Subtract within 1000

Directions: Solve each problem. Show your work!

  1. 345 + 123 =





  2. 587 - 243 =





  3. 612 + 185 =





  4. 954 - 421 =





  5. 279 + 368 =





  6. 731 - 189 =





  7. 406 + 297 =





  8. 800 - 345 =





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Answer Key

Fluency Practice Answer Key: Add & Subtract within 1000

Here are the solutions with steps for each problem.

  1. 345 + 123

    • Start with the ones place: 5 + 3 = 8
    • Move to the tens place: 4 + 2 = 6
    • Move to the hundreds place: 3 + 1 = 4
    • Answer: 468

  2. 587 - 243

    • Start with the ones place: 7 - 3 = 4
    • Move to the tens place: 8 - 4 = 4
    • Move to the hundreds place: 5 - 2 = 3
    • Answer: 344

  3. 612 + 185

    • Ones: 2 + 5 = 7
    • Tens: 1 + 8 = 9
    • Hundreds: 6 + 1 = 7
    • Answer: 797

  4. 954 - 421

    • Ones: 4 - 1 = 3
    • Tens: 5 - 2 = 3
    • Hundreds: 9 - 4 = 5
    • Answer: 533

  5. 279 + 368

    • Ones: 9 + 8 = 17 (Write 7, carry 1 to tens)
    • Tens: 7 + 6 + 1 (carried) = 14 (Write 4, carry 1 to hundreds)
    • Hundreds: 2 + 3 + 1 (carried) = 6
    • Answer: 647

  6. 731 - 189

    • Ones: 1 - 9 (Can't do, borrow from tens). Change 3 to 2, 1 to 11. 11 - 9 = 2
    • Tens: 2 - 8 (Can't do, borrow from hundreds). Change 7 to 6, 2 to 12. 12 - 8 = 4
    • Hundreds: 6 - 1 = 5
    • Answer: 542

  7. 406 + 297

    • Ones: 6 + 7 = 13 (Write 3, carry 1)
    • Tens: 0 + 9 + 1 (carried) = 10 (Write 0, carry 1)
    • Hundreds: 4 + 2 + 1 (carried) = 7
    • Answer: 703

  8. 800 - 345

    • Ones: 0 - 5 (Can't do, borrow from tens, but tens is 0, so borrow from hundreds). Change 8 to 7, tens 0 to 9, ones 0 to 10. 10 - 5 = 5
    • Tens: 9 - 4 = 5
    • Hundreds: 7 - 3 = 4
    • Answer: 455
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Cool Down

Addition & Subtraction Cool Down

Think about the strategies we discussed today (standard algorithm, breaking apart numbers, number line).

  1. Which strategy do you find most helpful for addition? Why?






  2. Which strategy do you find most helpful for subtraction? Why?






  3. Solve: 482 + 159 = ?






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