Lesson Plan
Feelings Not Bites Plan
Teach the student to identify and communicate a range of emotions using visual supports and a scripted phrase, and to use these replacement behaviors instead of biting when frustrated or upset.
Biting is a common self-regulation challenge for nonverbal children with autism. Teaching visual emotion recognition and communication provides the student with alternative expressive tools, reducing biting incidents and improving emotional awareness.
Audience
Kindergarten student with autism (nonverbal)
Time
16 sessions, 10 minutes each
Approach
Visual modeling and guided practice with emotion cards
Materials
Prep
Materials Preparation
30 minutes
- Print and laminate all cards from Emotion Visual Cards
- Review prompts and phrases in Emotion Communication Script
- Prepare role-play scenarios in Biting Replacement Activity
- Load Feelings Not Bites Slide Deck onto tablet or computer
Step 1
Session 1: Introduce Happy
10 minutes
- Display the “happy” card from Emotion Visual Cards
- Model “I feel happy” using Emotion Communication Script
- Prompt student to point to or hand you the happy card
- Reinforce with enthusiastic praise and a preferred small reward
Step 2
Session 2: Introduce Sad
10 minutes
- Show the “sad” card from Emotion Visual Cards
- Model “I feel sad” with the script
- Prompt the student to indicate “sad” by pointing or handing card
- Reinforce attempts with a comforting gesture and praise
Step 3
Session 3: Introduce Angry
10 minutes
- Present the “angry” card
- Model “I feel angry” using the script
- Prompt student to use the card when shown an anger-provoking scenario
- Practice replacement in Biting Replacement Activity instead of biting
Step 4
Session 4: Introduce Frustrated
10 minutes
- Display the “frustrated” card
- Model “I feel frustrated” with the script
- Prompt student to select the card when a task is too hard
- Role-play using Biting Replacement Activity as an alternative to biting
Step 5
Session 5: Introduce Tired
10 minutes
- Show the “tired” card
- Model “I feel tired” using the script
- Prompt student to indicate tiredness by pointing
- Reinforce with a brief rest or quiet break
Step 6
Session 6: Introduce Excited
10 minutes
- Present the “excited” card
- Model “I feel excited” with script
- Prompt selection of the card during a fun activity
- Reinforce with high-energy praise and a quick game
Step 7
Session 7: Introduce Scared
10 minutes
- Display the “scared” card
- Model “I feel scared” using the script
- Prompt student to use the card in a mild surprise scenario
- Provide comfort and positive reinforcement
Step 8
Session 8: Introduce Bored
10 minutes
- Show the “bored” card
- Model “I feel bored” with script
- Prompt indication of boredom when inactive
- Offer a preferred activity as reinforcement
Step 9
Session 9: Introduce Lonely
10 minutes
- Present the “lonely” card
- Model “I feel lonely” using the script
- Prompt student to select this card during solo play
- Reinforce with a social interaction opportunity
Step 10
Session 10: Introduce Surprised
10 minutes
- Display the “surprised” card
- Model “I feel surprised” with script
- Prompt selection of the card in response to a mild surprise
- Reinforce with playful encouragement
Step 11
Session 11: Introduce Calm
10 minutes
- Show the “calm” card
- Model “I feel calm” using the script
- Prompt student to use the card during a quiet moment
- Reinforce with deep-breath praise and calm music
Step 12
Session 12: Introduce Confused
10 minutes
- Present the “confused” card
- Model “I feel confused” with script
- Prompt selection when instructions are unclear
- Reinforce with simplified explanation and praise
Step 13
Session 13: Introduce Proud
10 minutes
- Display the “proud” card
- Model “I feel proud” using the script
- Prompt the student to choose the card after success
- Reinforce with celebration and a sticker
Step 14
Session 14: Introduce Worried
10 minutes
- Show the “worried” card
- Model “I feel worried” with script
- Prompt student to use the card when concerned
- Reinforce with reassurance and praise
Step 15
Session 15: Teach Request for Help
10 minutes
- Present a “help” card (part of Emotion Visual Cards)
- Model “I need help” from the script
- Prompt student to request help instead of biting when stuck
- Practice in Biting Replacement Activity
Step 16
Session 16: Review and Generalization
10 minutes
- Use Feelings Not Bites Slide Deck to review all cards
- Prompt student to identify and communicate each emotion
- Role-play mixed scenarios, reinforcing replacement over biting
- Provide high praise and a small celebration for progress

Script
Feelings Not Bites Teacher Script
Overview:
Use this word-for-word script in each 10-minute session. Replace [EMOTION] with the target emotion for that day (e.g., happy, sad, angry). Follow every line to model, prompt, and reinforce the replacement behavior.
1. Greeting (1 minute)
Teacher: “Hello, [Student Name]! I’m so happy to see you today!”
Teacher: “Today we’re going to learn about a feeling called [EMOTION].”
2. Introduce the Emotion Card (1 minute)
Teacher holds up the card: “Here is the [EMOTION] card. Look at its picture. See how their face shows they feel [EMOTION]?”
3. Model the Communication (2 minutes)
Teacher points to self then to the card:
Teacher: “I feel [EMOTION].” (Gesture: hand on heart, then point to card.)
Optional prompt if needed:
Teacher: “Watch me one more time: ‘I feel [EMOTION].’”
4. Prompt Student to Respond (3 minutes)
Teacher: “Now it’s your turn. Can you show me the [EMOTION] card?”
- Wait up to 5 seconds.
- If no response:
Teacher gently: “Show me the [EMOTION] card.” (Point to cards.) - If student touches or hands over correct card:
Teacher: “Great job! That is the [EMOTION] card!” - If student chooses the wrong card:
Teacher: “That one is [wrong emotion]. Let’s try again. Which one is [EMOTION]?”
5. Reinforce the Replacement Phrase (1 minute)
Teacher holds correct card:
Teacher: “You feel [EMOTION]! If you ever feel [EMOTION] and want to tell me, you can show me this card instead of biting.”
6. Practice a Mini Role-Play (1 minute)
Teacher sets up a simple scenario to evoke the feeling:
Example for [EMOTION] = frustrated: “Let’s pretend this puzzle is too hard. Oh no, I feel frustrated!” (Teacher models biting motion and then stops.)
Teacher: “But instead of biting, I’ll show my [EMOTION] card. Watch me.” (Shows card, says “I feel [EMOTION].”)
Teacher: “Now you try.”
7. High-Energy Reinforcement (1 minute)
Teacher: “Amazing! You used your [EMOTION] card.”
- Offer a small preferred item/activity (sticker, sticker choice, small toy) or a high-five.
8. Closing & Transition (1 minute)
Teacher: “That was awesome practice for feeling [EMOTION]. You did a great job using your words and card instead of biting!”
Teacher: “Next time you feel [EMOTION], I can’t wait to see you show me your card.”
Teacher: “Now let’s go play [next activity]!”
Follow-Up Prompts (if needed):
- “Which card shows feeling [EMOTION]?”
- “Tell me how you feel. Show me the card.”
- “What do you do instead of biting?” → “I show my card.”
Use this exact script each session. Swap in the session’s emotion card and walkthrough. Consistent phrasing and reinforcement help build the replacement behavior over time.


Activity
Biting Replacement Activity
Objective:
Provide a playful, hands-on practice of using emotion cards instead of biting when upset or frustrated.
Materials:
- A pair of hand puppets or small toys (e.g., a stuffed animal, finger puppets)
- Emotion Visual Cards
- A simple scenario prompt sheet (e.g., “Puzzle is too hard,” “Toy taken away,” “Loud noise startles you”)
Setup (1–2 minutes):
- Sit facing the student at a low table or on the floor. Place the emotion cards spread out in front of you.
- Introduce the puppets/toys: one puppet/toy will “get upset” and the other will be the helper.
Activity Steps (6–7 minutes):
- Model the Scenario
- Teacher puppet: “Oh no! My block tower fell over. I feel frustrated.” (Teacher makes a biting motion with the puppet.)
- Teacher: “But instead of biting, I’ll show my frustrated card.” (Teacher picks up and shows the card, says “I feel frustrated.”)
- Student Practice
- Student puppet: Teacher gently moves the student’s puppet into a mild frustration scenario (e.g., puzzle piece doesn’t fit). 
- Teacher prompts: “Oh dear, you feel frustrated. What will you do instead of biting?”
- Student is encouraged to pick up the correct emotion card and show it with the phrase “I feel frustrated.”
- Switch Roles
- Let the student’s puppet “bite” first (no actual biting, just a pretend bite gesture). Teacher puppet reminds, “Remember, we use our cards, not bites!”
- Student practices again with support.
- Reinforce Success
- Each time the student shows the correct card without the bite gesture, provide enthusiastic praise and a small preferred reward (e.g., high-five, sticker).
Variations:
- Use different emotion cards (e.g., sad, angry, scared) in new scenarios.
- Introduce a visual “No-Bite” sign that puppet holds up when it feels like biting.
Generalization Tip:
After puppets, practice with real-life items or classmates, reinforcing “show card, not bite.” This builds the bridge to natural settings.


Slide Deck
Feelings Not Bites
Use this slide deck to learn emotion cards and practice saying how you feel.
Show enthusiasm as you introduce the deck. Greet the student: “Hello! Today we’ll learn about feelings and how to show them instead of biting.”
Happy
[Insert Happy card image]
Phrase: “I feel happy.”
Prompt: “Can you show me the happy card?”
Hold up the Happy card. Say “I feel happy.” Wait up to 5 seconds for the student to point or hand you the card. Praise any attempt.
Sad
[Insert Sad card image]
Phrase: “I feel sad.”
Prompt: “Can you show me the sad card?”
Show the Sad card. Model “I feel sad.” Prompt student to indicate Sad by pointing or handing card. Reinforce attempts with comforting praise.
Angry
[Insert Angry card image]
Phrase: “I feel angry.”
Prompt: “Can you show me the angry card?”
Present the Angry card. Model “I feel angry.” Use a simple scenario (e.g., toy taken away) and prompt card instead of biting. Praise success.
Frustrated
[Insert Frustrated card image]
Phrase: “I feel frustrated.”
Prompt: “Can you show me the frustrated card?”
Display the Frustrated card. Model “I feel frustrated.” Role-play a hard puzzle scenario and prompt card over a biting motion.
Tired
[Insert Tired card image]
Phrase: “I feel tired.”
Prompt: “Can you show me the tired card?”
Show the Tired card. Model “I feel tired.” Prompt student and reinforce by offering a brief rest or quiet break.
Excited
[Insert Excited card image]
Phrase: “I feel excited.”
Prompt: “Can you show me the excited card?”
Present the Excited card. Model “I feel excited.” Prompt during a fun activity. Reinforce with high-energy praise.
Scared
[Insert Scared card image]
Phrase: “I feel scared.”
Prompt: “Can you show me the scared card?”
Display the Scared card. Model “I feel scared.” Prompt in a mild surprise scenario. Offer comfort and praise.
Bored
[Insert Bored card image]
Phrase: “I feel bored.”
Prompt: “Can you show me the bored card?”
Show the Bored card. Model “I feel bored.” Prompt when student is inactive. Reinforce by offering a preferred activity.
Lonely
[Insert Lonely card image]
Phrase: “I feel lonely.”
Prompt: “Can you show me the lonely card?”
Present the Lonely card. Model “I feel lonely.” Prompt during solo play. Reinforce with a social interaction opportunity.
Surprised
[Insert Surprised card image]
Phrase: “I feel surprised.”
Prompt: “Can you show me the surprised card?”
Display the Surprised card. Model “I feel surprised.” Prompt in response to a mild surprise. Encourage playful response.
Calm
[Insert Calm card image]
Phrase: “I feel calm.”
Prompt: “Can you show me the calm card?”
Show the Calm card. Model “I feel calm.” Prompt during a quiet moment. Reinforce with deep-breath praise or calm music.
Confused
[Insert Confused card image]
Phrase: “I feel confused.”
Prompt: “Can you show me the confused card?”
Present the Confused card. Model “I feel confused.” Prompt when instructions are unclear. Reinforce with a simple explanation.
Proud
[Insert Proud card image]
Phrase: “I feel proud.”
Prompt: “Can you show me the proud card?”
Display the Proud card. Model “I feel proud.” Prompt after success. Reinforce with celebration and a sticker.
Worried
[Insert Worried card image]
Phrase: “I feel worried.”
Prompt: “Can you show me the worried card?”
Show the Worried card. Model “I feel worried.” Prompt when student shows concern. Reinforce with reassurance and praise.
I Need Help
[Insert Help card image]
Phrase: “I need help.”
Prompt: “Can you show me the help card?”
Present the Help card. Model “I need help.” Prompt student to request help instead of biting when stuck.
Review & Practice
Review all emotion cards:
• Happy • Sad • Angry • Frustrated
• Tired • Excited • Scared • Bored
• Lonely • Surprised • Calm • Confused
• Proud • Worried • Help
Use this slide for session 16. Show each card one by one and prompt the student: “Which card is this? Say how you feel.” Reinforce correct responses and role-play mixed scenarios.

Worksheet
Emotion Visual Cards
Print, cut out, and laminate each card. Each card shows an emotion word and a clear image to support nonverbal communication.
Happy | Sad | Angry |
---|---|---|
😊 | 😢 | 😠 |
I feel happy | I feel sad | I feel angry |
Frustrated | Tired | Excited |
---|---|---|
😤 | 😴 | 🤩 |
I feel frustrated | I feel tired | I feel excited |
Scared | Bored | Lonely |
---|---|---|
😱 | 😐 | 🥺 |
I feel scared | I feel bored | I feel lonely |
Surprised | Calm | Confused |
---|---|---|
😲 | 😌 | 😕 |
I feel surprised | I feel calm | I feel confused |
Proud | Worried | I Need Help |
---|---|---|
🥳 | 😟 | 🙋♀️ |
I feel proud | I feel worried | I need help |

