Lesson Plan
Choices & Consequences: Decision-Making Skills Lesson Plan
Students will be able to identify the connection between choices and consequences, apply a structured decision-making model to real-life scenarios, and articulate how personal values and goals influence their decisions.
Effective decision-making is a vital life skill. This lesson equips students with a framework to approach challenging situations thoughtfully, leading to better outcomes and a stronger sense of personal agency.
Audience
Grades 8-12
Time
50 minutes
Approach
Case studies, group problem-solving, structured decision-making model.
Materials
Whiteboard or Projector, Choices & Consequences Slide Deck, Decision Dilemmas Worksheet, Decision Discussion Prompts, Decision Scenario Cards Activity, and Pens/Pencils
Prep
Teacher Preparation
15 minutes
- Review the Choices & Consequences Slide Deck and familiarize yourself with the content.
- Print copies of the Decision Dilemmas Worksheet (one per student or one per small group).
- Print copies of the Decision Scenario Cards Activity (one per pair/small group).
- Review the Decision Discussion Prompts to prepare for facilitating the group discussion.
- Ensure projector/whiteboard is set up for the slide deck.
Step 1
Introduction & Warm-Up: What's Your Take?
5 minutes
- Begin with a brief discussion: "Think about a choice you made recently, big or small. What was one good consequence? What was one not-so-good consequence?"
- Introduce the lesson objectives using the Choices & Consequences Slide Deck (Slide 1-2).
- Explain that today's lesson will focus on understanding how our choices lead to consequences and how to make better decisions.
Step 2
Understanding Choices & Consequences
8 minutes
- Present slides 3-5 of the Choices & Consequences Slide Deck, defining choices and consequences and providing examples.
- Facilitate a brief class discussion using prompts like: "Can every consequence be predicted? Why or why not?" or "How do unexpected consequences impact future choices?"
Step 3
Quick Check: Scenario Cards
7 minutes
- Divide students into pairs or small groups.
- Distribute the Decision Scenario Cards Activity.
- Instruct students to quickly work through one or two scenarios, identifying the main choice and potential positive/negative consequences.
- Bring the class back together for a quick share-out of one or two scenarios to check for understanding.
Step 4
The Decision-Making Model
14 minutes
- Introduce the structured decision-making model using slides 6-9 of the Choices & Consequences Slide Deck.
- Stop & Think
- Explore Options
- Analyze Consequences
- Learn & Reflect
- Explain each step clearly, providing simple examples for better understanding.
- Distribute the Decision Dilemmas Worksheet.
Step 5
Case Study & Group Problem-Solving
15 minutes
- Divide students into small groups (3-4 students per group).
- Assign each group a case study from the Decision Dilemmas Worksheet or have them choose one.
- Instruct groups to apply the SEAL decision-making model to their assigned case study, filling out the worksheet.
- Circulate among groups to provide support and answer questions.
Step 6
Share & Discuss
5 minutes
- Bring the class back together.
- Have a few groups quickly share their chosen dilemma and how they applied the SEAL model.
- Facilitate a brief class discussion using the Decision Discussion Prompts to reflect on the process and key takeaways.
- Conclude by emphasizing the importance of thoughtful decision-making in their daily lives (Slide 10 of the Choices & Consequences Slide Deck).
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Slide Deck
Choices & Consequences: Mastering Your Decisions
Unlock Your Decision-Making Superpowers!
Welcome students and introduce the lesson's main topic: decision-making. Emphasize that choices are a part of everyday life.
Every Choice Has a Ripple Effect
Objective:
- Understand the link between choices and consequences.
- Learn a structured model for decision-making.
- Make thoughtful, informed decisions aligned with your values.
Why it matters:
- Navigate challenges.
- Achieve your goals.
- Build a life you're proud of!
Explain the objective: empowering students to make informed decisions. Discuss briefly why this skill is important for their lives, now and in the future.
What is a Choice?
A choice is a decision made or a course of action taken from a set of alternatives.
- Small Choices: What to wear, what to eat for lunch.
- Big Choices: Which classes to take, how to spend your free time.
Every day, you make hundreds of choices!
Define what a choice is. Ask students for simple examples of choices they've made recently.
What is a Consequence?
A consequence is the result or effect of an action or condition.
- Positive Consequences: Good outcomes, rewards, feeling happy.
- Negative Consequences: Unwanted outcomes, punishments, feeling regret.
Consequences can be immediate or long-term.
Define what a consequence is. Differentiate between positive and negative consequences. Ask for examples of both.
The Link: Choices & Consequences
Your choices directly lead to consequences.
It's like a chain reaction!
-
Choice: Study for a test.
-
Consequence: Get a good grade.
-
Choice: Procrastinate on homework.
-
Consequence: Rush to finish, lower quality work.
Emphasize the direct link between choices and consequences. Use an analogy like a chain reaction or domino effect. Ask: "Can you always predict the outcome?"
Introducing the SEAL Model
A structured approach to making thoughtful decisions.
Stop & Think
Explore Options
Analyze Consequences
Learn & Reflect
Let's break it down!
Introduce the SEAL acronym for the decision-making model. Explain that it's a helpful tool.
S: Stop & Think
Pause before you act.
- Identify the situation: What decision needs to be made?
- Understand your feelings: Are you stressed? Excited? Angry?
- Clarify your goals: What do you want to achieve or avoid?
Don't rush into it!
Explain the 'Stop & Think' step. Emphasize pausing before acting impulsively. Ask: "Why is pausing important?"
E: Explore Options
Brainstorm all possible paths.
- What are all the different things you could do?
- Don't judge ideas yet—just list them!
- Think creatively and ask for input from trusted sources if needed.
Explain 'Explore Options'. Encourage brainstorming and considering multiple paths, even unconventional ones. Ask: "What happens if you only consider one option?"
A: Analyze Consequences
Weigh the pros and cons of each option.
- For each option:
- What are the potential positive consequences?
- What are the potential negative consequences?
- Consider short-term and long-term effects.
- How does each option align with your values and goals?
Explain 'Analyze Consequences'. Guide students to think about both short-term and long-term, positive and negative consequences for each option. Connect this back to values. Ask: "How do your personal values fit into this step?"
L: Learn & Reflect
Make your choice, then reflect on the outcome.
- Choose the best option based on your analysis.
- Act on your decision.
- Reflect: What happened? What did you learn? Would you do anything differently next time?
Every decision is a chance to grow!
Explain 'Learn & Reflect'. Emphasize that decision-making is a continuous learning process. Ask: "How can reflecting on past decisions help you in the future?"
Empower Your Decisions!
You have the power to make great choices!
- Use the SEAL model as your guide.
- Practice makes perfect!
- Your thoughtful decisions shape your future.
What choice will you make today to empower yourself?
Summarize the importance of thoughtful decision-making and encourage students to practice the SEAL model.
Discussion
Decision Discussion Prompts
Use these questions to facilitate a class discussion after students have worked through their case studies.
- How easy or difficult was it to apply the SEAL model to your case study? What challenges did your group face?
- Which step of the SEAL model did you find most challenging and why?
- How might using this structured model change the way you approach decisions in your own life?
- Can you think of a real-life situation (without sharing personal details if uncomfortable) where not fully thinking through consequences led to an unexpected or undesirable outcome?
- How do your personal values or long-term goals influence the "Analyze Consequences" step? Why is it important to consider them?
- What is one key takeaway or a piece of advice you would give to a friend about making better decisions?
Worksheet
Decision Dilemmas Worksheet
Instructions: Read the dilemmas below. In your group, choose one dilemma to work through. Apply the SEAL decision-making model to help the character make a thoughtful choice. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
Dilemma 1: The Weekend Party
Maria is invited to a big party on Friday night. Most of her friends are going, and she really wants to be there. However, she has a major history test on Monday that she hasn't studied much for. Her parents told her she needs to study for at least 3 hours over the weekend to improve her grade. She knows if she goes to the party, she probably won't get enough study time in.
Applying the SEAL Model:
S: Stop & Think
- What is the decision Maria needs to make?
- What are her goals in this situation (short-term and long-term)?
- What emotions might she be feeling?
E: Explore Options
- List at least three different options Maria could consider.
A: Analyze Consequences
- For each option you listed, what are the potential positive and negative consequences?
L: Learn & Reflect
- What decision do you think Maria should make based on your analysis? Why?
- What is one thing Maria might learn from this situation, no matter what she chooses?
Dilemma 2: The Group Project Glitch
Liam is working on a major group project with two other students, Sarah and Tom. The project is due next week, and their grade depends heavily on it. Liam has done most of the work so far, and he notices that Sarah and Tom haven't been contributing much. They keep saying they'll catch up, but time is running out, and the quality of the project is suffering because of their lack of effort. Liam is worried about his own grade.
Applying the SEAL Model:
S: Stop & Think
- What is the decision Liam needs to make?
- What are his goals in this situation?
- What emotions might he be feeling?
E: Explore Options
- List at least three different options Liam could consider.
A: Analyze Consequences
- For each option you listed, what are the potential positive and negative consequences?
L: Learn & Reflect
- What decision do you think Liam should make based on your analysis? Why?
- What is one thing Liam might learn from this situation, no matter what he chooses?
Create Your Own Dilemma (Optional Challenge)
- Think of a realistic dilemma that a high school student might face. Describe it below.
- Now, apply the SEAL model to your own dilemma on a separate sheet of paper or discuss it with your group!
Activity
Decision Scenario Cards: Quick Choices, Quick Consequences
Instructions: In pairs or small groups, quickly read each scenario. For each scenario, identify:
- The main choice the person needs to make.
- One potential positive consequence of that choice.
- One potential negative consequence of that choice.
Be ready to share your quick thoughts!
Scenario 1: The Urgent Text
You're in class, and your phone vibrates with a text from your best friend saying they have a major problem and need to talk right now. You know your teacher has a strict no-phone policy during class.
- Choice:
- Positive Consequence:
- Negative Consequence:
Scenario 2: Study or Socialize?
It's Saturday afternoon, and you have a big project due Monday. You planned to work on it all day. Then, your friends call, inviting you to hang out at the mall and catch a movie, something you haven't done in a while.
- Choice:
- Positive Consequence:
- Negative Consequence:
Scenario 3: The Broken Promise
You promised your younger sibling you'd help them with their homework after school. As you're leaving, a popular classmate invites you to an exclusive hangout session that you've really wanted to be a part of.
- Choice:
- Positive Consequence:
- Negative Consequence:
Scenario 4: The Tempting Shortcut
You're working on a major essay for English class. It's late, you're tired, and you find a website that offers pre-written essays on your topic. You know using it is cheating, but it would save you a lot of time and effort.
- Choice:
- Positive Consequence:
- Negative Consequence:
Scenario 5: Speaking Up or Staying Quiet?
You overhear a group of students making unkind comments about another student who isn't present. You feel uncomfortable, but you also don't want to get involved or draw attention to yourself.
- Choice:
- Positive Consequence:
- Negative Consequence: