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Building with Base Ten

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Lesson Plan

Building with Base Ten

Students will be able to identify the value of digits in numbers up to 999 using base ten blocks and represent numbers using hundreds, tens, and ones.

Understanding base ten is fundamental to grasping place value, which is a core concept in mathematics. It helps students build a strong number sense, perform multi-digit addition and subtraction, and eventually understand more complex mathematical operations.

Audience

2nd Grade Students

Time

30 minutes

Approach

Hands-on exploration and guided practice with base ten blocks.

Materials

Physical Base Ten Blocks (hundreds flats, tens rods, ones units), Warm-Up: Building Brains, Slide Deck: Base Ten Basics, Base Ten Blocks Worksheet, and Base Ten Blocks Answer Key

Prep

Gather Materials & Review

10 minutes

Step 1

Warm-Up: Building Brains

5 minutes

  • Display the Warm-Up: Building Brains on the board.
    - Ask students to quickly represent a given number using mental images of base ten blocks or by sketching them.
    - Discuss their responses briefly, reinforcing prior knowledge of tens and ones.

Step 2

Introduction to Base Ten Blocks (Slides)

10 minutes

  • Use the Slide Deck: Base Ten Basics to introduce and explain hundreds, tens, and ones blocks.
    - Show examples of how to represent different numbers using the blocks.
    - Engage students with questions and encourage them to manipulate their physical blocks along with the presentation.

Step 3

Guided Practice & Worksheet

10 minutes

  • Distribute physical base ten blocks and the Base Ten Blocks Worksheet.
    - Guide students through the first few problems on the worksheet, demonstrating how to use the physical blocks to find the answer and then record it.
    - Circulate around the classroom to offer support and check for understanding as students work on the remaining problems independently or in pairs.

Step 4

Share and Discuss (Optional)

5 minutes

  • If time permits, have students share some of their answers or challenges from the worksheet.
    - Briefly review a few answers using the Base Ten Blocks Answer Key as a guide to ensure clarity and correct any misconceptions.
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Slide Deck

Building with Base Ten

Understanding Numbers with Blocks!

Greet students and prepare them for a fun math lesson. Briefly explain that today we'll be building numbers.

What are Base Ten Blocks?

They are special blocks that help us understand numbers better.
Each block has a different value!

Introduce the idea of base ten blocks as tools to help us see numbers. Ask them if they've seen these blocks before and how they might be used.

The Little Guy: Ones Block

This block means 1.
It's like a single cookie!

Show the ones block. Emphasize that it represents '1'. Ask students to hold up or point to their ones block if they have physical blocks.

The Stick: Tens Rod

This block means 10.
It's like a stack of 10 cookies!

Show the tens rod. Explain that it's made of 10 ones. Count to 10 with them while pointing to each 'bump' on the rod. Ask: How many ones make a ten?

The Big Square: Hundreds Flat

This block means 100.
It's like a tray of 100 cookies!

Show the hundreds flat. Explain it's made of 10 tens, or 100 ones. Count by tens up to 100 with them, imagining 10 tens rods making the flat. Ask: How many tens make a hundred?

Let's Build a Number: 123

1 Hundred + 2 Tens + 3 Ones = 123

Go through an example, like 123. Show one hundred flat, two tens rods, and three ones blocks. Emphasize saying the number name as they build it.

Try This! Building 245

How would you build this number using hundreds, tens, and ones?

Another example, 245. Have them try to build it with their blocks or imagine it before revealing the answer. Ask them to explain how they built it.

One More! Building 307

What do you do if there are no tens?

Final example, 307. This helps address the concept of zero in a place value. Ask: What happens if there are no tens? How do we show that?

Time to Practice!

Now let's try building some numbers on our own!

Transition to the worksheet. Explain that they will practice what they just learned. Encourage them to use their physical blocks.

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Warm Up

Warm-Up: Building Brains - Imagine and Draw!

Imagine you have base ten blocks in your mind! How would you show these numbers using hundreds flats, tens rods, and ones units?

  1. Number: 34

    • Draw or describe how you would represent 34 using base ten blocks:






  2. Number: 58

    • Draw or describe how you would represent 58 using base ten blocks:






  3. Number: 91

    • Draw or describe how you would represent 91 using base ten blocks:






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Worksheet

Base Ten Blocks Practice!

Use your base ten blocks to help you solve these problems! Draw or write how many hundreds, tens, and ones you used for each number.

Part 1: Represent the Number

  1. Number: 42

    • Hundreds:
    • Tens:
    • Ones:


  2. Number: 79

    • Hundreds:
    • Tens:
    • Ones:


  3. Number: 156

    • Hundreds:
    • Tens:
    • Ones:


  4. Number: 205

    • Hundreds:
    • Tens:
    • Ones:


  5. Number: 380

    • Hundreds:
    • Tens:
    • Ones:


Part 2: What Number Am I?

Draw the blocks and then write the number they represent.

  1. 2 hundreds, 3 tens, 1 one

    • Draw the blocks:





    • The number is:


  2. 0 hundreds, 6 tens, 7 ones

    • Draw the blocks:





    • The number is:


  3. 3 hundreds, 1 ten, 0 ones

    • Draw the blocks:





    • The number is:


  4. 1 hundred, 4 tens, 9 ones

    • Draw the blocks:





    • The number is:


  5. 4 hundreds, 0 tens, 2 ones

    • Draw the blocks:





    • The number is:


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Answer Key

Base Ten Blocks Answer Key

Part 1: Represent the Number

  1. Number: 42

    • Thought Process: To represent 42, we need to think about how many tens and how many ones are in the number. The digit in the tens place is 4, so we need 4 tens rods. The digit in the ones place is 2, so we need 2 ones units.
    • Hundreds: 0
    • Tens: 4
    • Ones: 2

  2. Number: 79

    • Thought Process: For 79, we look at the tens and ones places. The tens digit is 7, meaning 7 tens rods. The ones digit is 9, meaning 9 ones units.
    • Hundreds: 0
    • Tens: 7
    • Ones: 9

  3. Number: 156

    • Thought Process: For 156, we now have a hundreds digit. The hundreds digit is 1, so 1 hundreds flat. The tens digit is 5, so 5 tens rods. The ones digit is 6, so 6 ones units.
    • Hundreds: 1
    • Tens: 5
    • Ones: 6

  4. Number: 205

    • Thought Process: This number is a good check for understanding zero as a placeholder. For 205, the hundreds digit is 2, so 2 hundreds flats. The tens digit is 0, so we need 0 tens rods. The ones digit is 5, so 5 ones units.
    • Hundreds: 2
    • Tens: 0
    • Ones: 5

  5. Number: 380

    • Thought Process: Similar to the previous problem, we have a zero as a placeholder in the ones place. For 380, the hundreds digit is 3, so 3 hundreds flats. The tens digit is 8, so 8 tens rods. The ones digit is 0, so 0 ones units.
    • Hundreds: 3
    • Tens: 8
    • Ones: 0

Part 2: What Number Am I?

  1. 2 hundreds, 3 tens, 1 one

    • Thought Process: We combine the values: 2 hundreds = 200, 3 tens = 30, 1 one = 1. So, 200 + 30 + 1 = 231.
    • The number is: 231

  2. 0 hundreds, 6 tens, 7 ones

    • Thought Process: 0 hundreds means no hundreds flat. 6 tens = 60, 7 ones = 7. So, 60 + 7 = 67.
    • The number is: 67

  3. 3 hundreds, 1 ten, 0 ones

    • Thought Process: 3 hundreds = 300, 1 ten = 10, 0 ones = 0. So, 300 + 10 + 0 = 310.
    • The number is: 310

  4. 1 hundred, 4 tens, 9 ones

    • Thought Process: 1 hundred = 100, 4 tens = 40, 9 ones = 9. So, 100 + 40 + 9 = 149.
    • The number is: 149

  5. 4 hundreds, 0 tens, 2 ones

    • Thought Process: 4 hundreds = 400, 0 tens = 0, 2 ones = 2. So, 400 + 0 + 2 = 402.
    • The number is: 402
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