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lenny

Bridges Not Walls

Brian Buck

Tier 2
For Schools

Lesson Plan

Session 1 Lesson Plan

Students will define bullying and bias, differentiate between them using real-life examples, and reflect on the impact of these behaviors on individuals and communities.

Building a shared understanding of bullying and bias lays the groundwork for empathy and respectful relationships, helping students recognize and challenge harmful behaviors.

Audience

6th Grade

Time

30 minutes

Approach

Interactive discussion and reflective activities

Materials

  • Bullying vs Bias Definition Poster, - Bullying and Bias Scenario Cards, and - Reflection Journal Template

Prep

Teacher Preparation

10 minutes

  • Print one poster per group: Bullying vs Bias Definition Poster
  • Print and cut apart the Bullying and Bias Scenario Cards
  • Review all scenarios to ensure they are age-appropriate and clear

Step 1

Warm-Up Discussion

5 minutes

  • Ask students to pair up and share a time when they witnessed or experienced someone being treated unfairly.
  • Invite a few volunteers to briefly describe their examples to the class, focusing on feelings and outcomes.

Step 2

Introduce Definitions

10 minutes

  • Display the Bullying vs Bias Definition Poster on the board.
  • Read aloud each definition and ask students to paraphrase in their own words.
  • Highlight key differences: intent, repetition, target, and power dynamics.

Step 3

Scenario Activity

10 minutes

  • Divide students into small groups of 3–4.
  • Distribute a set of Bullying and Bias Scenario Cards to each group.
  • Instruct groups to sort each card into “Bullying,” “Bias,” or “Neither.”
  • After sorting, have groups explain one card’s placement to the class and discuss any disagreements.

Step 4

Individual Reflection

5 minutes

  • Hand out the Reflection Journal Template.
  • Prompt students to write about one scenario they sorted: describe how they would feel and one supportive response they could offer to the target.
  • Collect journals for review.
lenny

Slide Deck

Session 1: Understanding Bullying and Bias

Objective:
Define bullying and bias
Differentiate using examples
Reflect on impact of these behaviors on individuals and communities.

Welcome students to Session 1. Explain that today’s goal is to define and distinguish bullying and bias. Share the objective aloud.

Warm-Up: Think-Pair-Share

  1. Pair up with a classmate.
  2. Share a time you witnessed or experienced unfair treatment.
  3. Discuss the feelings involved and what happened next.

Introduce the warm-up. Ask students to pair up and share a time they saw or experienced unfair treatment. After 3 minutes, invite 2–3 volunteers to describe their examples, focusing on feelings and outcomes.

What Is Bullying? What Is Bias?

Bullying:
Intentional, repeated harm or intimidation
Targets individuals with less power

Bias:
Unfair attitudes or prejudices
Directed at a person because of group identity

Display or read each definition. Ask students to paraphrase in their own words. Emphasize that bullying involves repeated harmful acts and power imbalance, whereas bias can be a one-time unfair attitude toward a group.

Key Differences Between Bullying and Bias

• Intent: Bullying is deliberate harm; bias may be unintentional.
• Repetition: Bullying repeats over time; bias can occur once.
• Target: Bullying aims at individuals; bias targets groups.
• Power: Bullying involves power imbalance; bias exists across power levels.

Highlight each difference. After reading, ask students to give an example for each bullet. Clarify any misunderstandings.

Scenario Sorting Activity

In groups of 3–4:
• Sort each scenario card into Bullying, Bias, or Neither.
• Prepare to explain one card’s placement to the class.

Explain the scenario sorting instructions. Hand out scenario cards. Give groups 10 minutes to sort into Bullying, Bias, or Neither. Circulate to support discussion and clarify categories.

Individual Reflection

  1. Choose a scenario you sorted.
  2. Describe how you would feel if you were the target.
  3. Write one supportive response you could offer.

Distribute reflection journals or templates. Instruct students to choose one scenario they sorted and write their responses. Circulate to encourage thoughtful reflections. Collect journals when time is up.

Session Wrap-Up

• We defined bullying and bias.
• We differentiated them using key characteristics.
• Tomorrow: Exploring empathy and perspectives.

Summarize today’s key learnings. Remind students that understanding definitions helps us recognize harmful behavior. Preview that next session will focus on empathy and stepping into others’ perspectives.

lenny

Lesson Plan

Session 2 Lesson Plan

Students will practice empathy by stepping into others’ perspectives, identifying feelings and needs, and articulating supportive responses.

Cultivating empathy helps students understand diverse experiences, reduce bias, and foster caring peer relationships.

Audience

6th Grade

Time

30 minutes

Approach

Role-play and reflective activities

Materials

  • Empathy Scenario Cards, - Role-Play Guidelines Sheet, and - Perspective Reflection Worksheet

Prep

Teacher Preparation

10 minutes

  • Print and cut apart the Empathy Scenario Cards
  • Copy the Role-Play Guidelines Sheet for each group
  • Prepare one Perspective Reflection Worksheet per student

Step 1

Warm-Up: Think-Pair-Share

5 minutes

  • Ask students to recall a time they felt misunderstood or excluded.
  • Pair up and describe the situation, focusing on emotions and what others did.
  • Invite a couple of pairs to share highlights.

Step 2

Introducing Empathy

5 minutes

  • Define empathy on the board: “Understanding and sharing another person’s feelings.”
  • Ask students to give examples of empathic actions they’ve seen or done.
  • Emphasize listening, acknowledging feelings, and offering support.

Step 3

Role-Play Activity

15 minutes

  • Divide students into groups of three: one ‘target,’ one ‘bystander,’ and one ‘supporter.’
  • Distribute one Empathy Scenario Card to each group.
  • Hand out the Role-Play Guidelines Sheet.
  • Have groups enact the scenario twice:
    • First, reacting without empathy
    • Second, incorporating empathic listening and support
  • After each enactment, groups discuss how the target felt and how the supporter’s actions helped or could help.

Step 4

Individual Reflection

5 minutes

  • Distribute the Perspective Reflection Worksheet.
  • Prompt students to write:
    1. How the target likely felt in the scenario
    2. One specific empathic response they would offer
  • Collect worksheets for feedback.
lenny

Slide Deck

Session 2: Practicing Empathy

Objective:
• Define empathy
• Role-play empathic vs. non-empathic responses
• Reflect on supportive listening

Welcome students to Session 2. Remind them that last time we learned about bullying and bias. Today’s goal is to practice empathy and supportive responses.

Warm-Up: Think-Pair-Share

  1. Recall a time you felt left out or misunderstood.
  2. Share the situation and emotions with a partner.
  3. Listen for feelings and needs.

Ask students to recall when they felt misunderstood or excluded. Have them share briefly with a partner.

What Is Empathy?

Empathy = Understanding and sharing another person’s feelings.

• Listening without judgment
• Acknowledging emotions
• Offering support

Define empathy together and elicit examples from students.

Role-Play Activity

In groups of 3:
• Assign roles: Target, Bystander, Supporter
• Use Empathy Scenario Cards
• Follow the Role-Play Guidelines Sheet

Enact scenario twice:

  1. Without empathy
  2. With empathic support

Explain roles and steps. Distribute cards and guidelines.

Debrief Discussion

• How did the target feel each time?
• What changed when empathy was used?
• Which empathic actions felt most helpful?

Guide students through debrief questions after role-plays.

Individual Reflection

Using the Perspective Reflection Worksheet:

  1. Describe how the target likely felt.
  2. Write one empathic response you would offer.

Distribute reflection worksheet and prompt writing.

Session Wrap-Up

• Empathy means understanding feelings.
• We practiced supportive listening.
• Next: Identifying bias and microaggressions.

Summarize key takeaways and preview next session on bias and stereotypes.

lenny

Lesson Plan

Session 3 Lesson Plan

Students will identify and analyze bias, stereotypes, and microaggressions, using real examples to understand their impact and practice addressing them constructively.

Understanding how stereotypes and microaggressions harm individuals helps students recognize subtle bias, speak up, and foster a respectful classroom climate.

Audience

6th Grade

Time

30 minutes

Approach

Group analysis and reflection

Materials

  • Bias and Stereotypes Definition Poster, - Stereotype Example Cards, - Microaggression Scenario Cards, and - Bias Analysis Worksheet

Prep

Teacher Preparation

10 minutes

  • Print one Bias and Stereotypes Definition Poster for display
  • Print and cut apart the Stereotype Example Cards and Microaggression Scenario Cards
  • Copy one Bias Analysis Worksheet per student

Step 1

Warm-Up Discussion

5 minutes

  • Ask students to recall a time they heard or witnessed a stereotype or unfair comment about a group.
  • Pair up and share the example, discussing how it might make someone feel.
  • Invite 2–3 volunteers to share with the class.

Step 2

Introducing Bias and Microaggressions

10 minutes

  • Display the Bias and Stereotypes Definition Poster.
  • Read definitions of “stereotype,” “bias,” and “microaggression.”
  • Provide examples from the poster and ask students to give additional examples.

Step 3

Group Analysis Activity

10 minutes

  • Divide students into groups of 3–4.
  • Distribute a mix of Stereotype Example Cards and Microaggression Scenario Cards.
  • Instruct groups to sort cards into “Stereotype,” “Microaggression,” or “Neither” on the Bias Analysis Worksheet.
  • Have each group explain one card’s category choice and discuss any disagreements.

Step 4

Individual Reflection

5 minutes

  • Ask students to choose one microaggression they sorted and write on the Bias Analysis Worksheet how they would respond supportively.
  • Collect worksheets for review.
lenny

Slide Deck

Session 3: Recognizing Bias & Microaggressions

Objective:
• Define stereotypes, bias, microaggressions
• Sort real examples into categories
• Reflect on constructive responses

Welcome students and remind them that today we’ll learn about bias, stereotypes, and microaggressions. Share today’s objective.

Warm-Up: Think-Pair-Share

  1. Recall an example of a stereotype or unfair comment.
  2. Share the situation and emotions with a partner.
  3. Be prepared to share one example aloud.

Ask students to recall a time they heard or witnessed a stereotype or unfair comment. Have them share with a partner, focusing on feelings.

Key Definitions

Stereotype: Overgeneralized belief about a group
Bias: Prejudice for or against someone
Microaggression: Subtle, often unintentional, slights toward a group

Display the definitions poster. Read each term aloud and invite student examples.

Group Analysis Activity

In groups of 3–4:
• Use Stereotype Example Cards and Microaggression Scenario Cards
• On your Bias Analysis Worksheet, sort each card into “Stereotype,” “Microaggression,” or “Neither”
• Be ready to explain one sorting decision

Explain card-sorting instructions. Distribute cards and worksheets, then circulate to support groups.

Debrief & Discussion

• Which examples were tricky to categorize?
• How might the target feel?
• How could someone respond supportively?

Lead a debrief where each group shares one card and their rationale. Highlight how subtle comments can cause harm.

Individual Reflection

On your Bias Analysis Worksheet:

  1. Choose one microaggression you sorted
  2. Describe a supportive response you could offer
  3. Write how this response helps the target

Guide students to reflect individually on one microaggression and a positive response.

Session Wrap-Up

• We defined bias, stereotypes, microaggressions
• We practiced sorting and discussing real examples
• Next: Communication skills & resolving conflict

Summarize key takeaways and preview next session on healthy communication and conflict resolution.

lenny

Lesson Plan

Session 4 Lesson Plan

Students will learn and practice active listening, “I” message communication, and structured conflict resolution steps to handle disagreements respectfully.

Equipping students with clear communication and conflict resolution skills promotes a positive classroom climate, reduces misunderstandings, and empowers them to resolve disputes constructively.

Audience

6th Grade

Time

30 minutes

Approach

Guided instruction, partner practice, and role-play

Materials

  • Active Listening & 'I' Messages Poster, - I-Message Template Sheet, - Conflict Resolution Flowchart, and - Conflict Role-Play Scenario Cards

Prep

Teacher Preparation

10 minutes

  • Display the Active Listening & 'I' Messages Poster
  • Copy one I-Message Template Sheet per student
  • Print and cut apart the Conflict Resolution Flowchart and Conflict Role-Play Scenario Cards
  • Review scenarios to ensure they’re age-appropriate

Step 1

Warm-Up: Think-Pair-Share

5 minutes

  • Ask students to recall a recent conflict or disagreement they experienced.
  • Pair up and briefly share what happened and how it felt.
  • Invite 2–3 pairs to summarize their examples, focusing on emotions and communication challenges.

Step 2

Introducing Communication Skills

10 minutes

  • Display the Active Listening & 'I' Messages Poster.
  • Define active listening (eye contact, nodding, paraphrasing) and ‘I’ messages (I feel…, when…, I need…).
  • Model an example conflict and demonstrate both a ‘you’ message vs. an ‘I’ message.
  • Ask students to suggest one active listening behavior and one ‘I’ message sentence.

Step 3

Partner Practice

8 minutes

  • Distribute the I-Message Template Sheet.
  • In pairs, one student describes a minor disagreement (real or hypothetical).
  • The partner practices active listening and responds with an ‘I’ message using the template.
  • Switch roles after 4 minutes.

Step 4

Role-Play Conflict Resolution

5 minutes

  • Form groups of three: Person A, Person B, and Mediator.
  • Give each group a Conflict Role-Play Scenario Card and a Conflict Resolution Flowchart.
  • Groups enact the scenario, following the flowchart steps: identify problem, express feelings, brainstorm solutions, agree on next steps.
  • Rotate roles if time allows.

Step 5

Individual Reflection

2 minutes

  • Ask students to write on their template or in journals:
    • One ‘I’ message they could use next time they face conflict
    • One active listening behavior they’ll remember to practice
  • Collect reflections or have students tuck them into their notebooks.
lenny

Slide Deck

Session 4: Communication & Conflict Resolution

Objective:
• Learn active listening behaviors
• Practice “I” message communication
• Apply a step-by-step conflict-resolution flowchart

Welcome students to Session 4. Remind them that today we’re learning concrete communication tools and conflict-resolution steps to handle disagreements respectfully.

Warm-Up: Think-Pair-Share

  1. Recall a conflict or disagreement.
  2. Pair up and describe what happened and how it felt.
  3. Listen for emotions and communication barriers.

Initiate the warm-up. Ask students to recall a recent disagreement, then share briefly with a partner, focusing on feelings and communication challenges.

Active Listening & “I” Messages

Active Listening:
• Eye contact and nodding
• Paraphrasing what you heard
• Asking clarifying questions

“I” Messages:
• I feel…
• when…
• I need…

See Active Listening & 'I' Messages Poster.

Introduce the two key skills. Display the poster and explain each section. Model a “you” message vs. an “I” message.

Partner Practice

• Use the I-Message Template Sheet
• One student shares a minor disagreement
• Partner listens actively and responds with an “I” message
• After 4 minutes, switch roles

Explain partner practice. Distribute the template and have students take turns describing a minor conflict while the other practices active listening and responds with an “I” message.

Role-Play: Conflict Resolution

• Groups of 3: Person A, Person B, Mediator
• Use Conflict Role-Play Scenario Cards
• Follow the Conflict Resolution Flowchart:

  1. Identify the problem
  2. Express feelings with an “I” message
  3. Brainstorm solutions
  4. Agree on next steps

Outline the role-play. Form trios, distribute scenario cards and the flowchart. Have groups apply each step: identify problem, express feelings, brainstorm solutions, agree on action.

Individual Reflection

On your template or in your journal:

  1. Write one “I” message you could use next time
  2. Name one active listening behavior you’ll practice

Have students reflect individually on their learning. Ask them to write one “I” message and one listening behavior they’ll remember.

Session Wrap-Up

• We learned active listening and “I” messages
• We practiced resolving conflict step-by-step
• Next: Exploring cultural identities & being allies

Summarize today’s skills and preview Session 5 on cultural understanding and allyship.

lenny

Lesson Plan

Session 5 Lesson Plan

Students will explore their own cultural identities and learn to act as allies by recognizing privilege, supporting peers from diverse backgrounds, and planning concrete actions to foster inclusion.

Valuing diverse identities and practicing allyship builds empathy, counters bias, and creates a more inclusive classroom where every student feels respected and supported.

Audience

6th Grade

Time

30 minutes

Approach

Reflective discussion and collaborative role-plays

Materials

  • Cultural Identity Reflection Worksheet, - Identity Shield Template, - Allyship Strategies Poster, and - Ally Scenario Cards

Prep

Teacher Preparation

10 minutes

  • Print one Cultural Identity Reflection Worksheet per student
  • Copy the Identity Shield Template for each student
  • Display or print the Allyship Strategies Poster
  • Print and cut apart the Ally Scenario Cards
  • Review scenarios to ensure they depict realistic ally opportunities

Step 1

Warm-Up: Identity Gallery Walk

5 minutes

  • Place the Cultural Identity Reflection Worksheet stations around the room.
  • Ask students to walk around and read a peer’s completed worksheet, noticing similarities and differences.
  • Return to seats and invite quick shares on what surprised them.

Step 2

Creating Identity Shields

10 minutes

  • Distribute the Identity Shield Template to each student.
  • Explain each quadrant: cultural heritage, values, interests, community roles.
  • Give students 7 minutes to complete their shields.
  • Invite 2–3 volunteers to present their shields, highlighting unique aspects.

Step 3

Introducing Allyship

5 minutes

  • Display the Allyship Strategies Poster.
  • Define allyship: using one’s voice and actions to support those facing bias.
  • Review 3 key strategies: Speak up, Offer support, Include others.
  • Ask students to give examples of each.

Step 4

Ally Role-Play

8 minutes

  • Divide students into pairs and give each pair an Ally Scenario Card.
  • In roles of “Observer” and “Ally,” students read the scenario and role-play:
    • Observer enacts a peer facing exclusion or biased comment.
    • Ally practices one strategy from the poster to intervene.
  • After 4 minutes, switch roles and use a new strategy.
  • Debrief: Which strategies felt most effective and why?

Step 5

Individual Reflection & Action Plan

2 minutes

  • Ask students to jot down one concrete ally action they will take this week.
  • Encourage them to share their action plan with a partner.
  • Collect reflections or have students file them in their notebooks.
lenny

Slide Deck

Session 5: Cultural Identity & Allyship

Objective:
• Explore personal cultural identities
• Define allyship and key strategies
• Practice intervening to support peers

Welcome students to Session 5. Explain that today we’ll explore our own cultural identities and learn how to act as allies for peers facing bias.

Warm-Up: Identity Gallery Walk

  1. Walk around and read peers’ Cultural Identity Reflection Worksheets.
  2. Notice similarities and differences.
  3. Return to seats and share one surprise.

Guide students through the gallery walk of identity worksheets.

Creating Identity Shields

• Quadrant 1: Cultural Heritage
• Quadrant 2: Core Values
• Quadrant 3: Interests & Hobbies
• Quadrant 4: Community Roles

Use your Identity Shield Template.

Introduce the identity shield tool and have students complete their own.

What Is Allyship?

Allyship = Using your voice and actions to support those facing bias.

Key Strategies:
• Speak Up
• Offer Support
• Include Others

See Allyship Strategies Poster.

Display the allyship strategies poster and discuss each point.

Ally Role-Play

In pairs:

  1. Role A: Observer acting out an exclusion or biased comment.
  2. Role B: Ally practices one strategy from the poster to intervene.
  3. After 4 minutes, switch roles and try a different strategy.

Use Ally Scenario Cards.

Explain the role-play process and distribute scenario cards.

Debrief Discussion

• Which ally strategies felt most effective?
• How did the ally’s actions help the target?
• What challenges did you face when intervening?

Debrief the role-plays, asking students which strategies worked best.

Individual Reflection & Action Plan

  1. Write one concrete ally action you will take this week.
  2. Share your plan with a partner.
  3. File your reflection in your notebook.

Have students commit to an ally action for the week.

Session Wrap-Up

• We explored our identities and practiced allyship.
• Effective allies speak up, support, and include others.
• Next: Planning a restorative project to rebuild our community.

Summarize the session and preview the final restorative project session.

lenny

Lesson Plan

Session 6 Lesson Plan

Students will design and present a restorative project that demonstrates empathy, addresses past harm, and promotes an inclusive classroom community.

This culminating session empowers students to apply their learning—empathy, bias recognition, communication, and allyship—in a tangible project that heals relationships and reinforces positive classroom culture.

Audience

6th Grade

Time

30 minutes

Approach

Guided project planning and presentations

Materials

  • Restorative Project Guidelines, - Project Planning Worksheet, and - Presentation Rubric

Prep

Teacher Preparation

10 minutes

  • Print copies of the Restorative Project Guidelines for each group
  • Copy the Project Planning Worksheet for students
  • Prepare the Presentation Rubric for scoring
  • Gather any art supplies (markers, poster paper) or technology needed for presentations

Step 1

Warm-Up Reflection

5 minutes

  • Ask students to recall one key learning from the unit (empathy, bias, communication, or allyship).
  • In pairs, share how that learning might guide their restorative project.
  • Invite 2–3 pairs to share highlights with the class.

Step 2

Introduce Restorative Project

5 minutes

  • Distribute the Restorative Project Guidelines.
  • Review criteria: project purpose, audience, format options (poster, skit, letter, digital slideshow), inclusion of empathy and actionable steps.
  • Answer questions and clarify expectations.

Step 3

Project Planning

12 minutes

  • Divide students into their project groups (or individual teams).
  • Give each group a Project Planning Worksheet.
  • Instruct groups to:
    • Define their project goal and audience
    • Choose a format and assign roles
    • Outline key messages and activities
    • Plan materials and timeline
  • Circulate to support planning, ensuring each plan reflects restorative principles.

Step 4

Presentation Rehearsal

5 minutes

  • Invite groups to practice their presentations with a neighboring group.
  • Use the Presentation Rubric to give peer feedback on clarity, empathy elements, and engagement.
  • Encourage constructive suggestions for improvement.

Step 5

Next Steps & Closing

3 minutes

  • Remind students of the presentation schedule and any final adjustments due date.
  • Encourage reflection: ask students to write one sentence about how their project will help rebuild trust and inclusion.
  • Collect worksheets and remind students to prepare materials for presentation day.
lenny

Slide Deck

Session 6: Restorative Project Planning & Presentations

Objective:
• Design a restorative project demonstrating empathy
• Plan steps to address past harm and promote inclusion
• Rehearse presentation using peer feedback

Welcome students to Session 6. Explain that today is our culminating project planning and rehearsal session. Share the objective aloud.

Warm-Up Reflection

  1. Pair up with a classmate.
  2. Share one key learning (empathy, bias recognition, communication, or allyship).
  3. Discuss how this learning can guide your restorative project.
  4. Invite 2–3 pairs to share highlights.

Activate prior learning by having students recall key concepts from the unit and connect them to their project ideas.

Introducing the Restorative Project

• Hand out Restorative Project Guidelines.
• Review:
– Project purpose and audience
– Format options: poster, skit, letter, digital slideshow
– Must include empathy and actionable steps
• Answer questions and clarify expectations.

Distribute and review the project guidelines, clarifying format options and evaluation criteria.

Project Planning

  1. Form your project groups or individual teams.
  2. Use the Project Planning Worksheet to:
    • Define project goal & audience
    • Choose format & assign roles
    • Outline key messages & activities
    • Plan materials & timeline
  3. Begin filling in your worksheet.

Guide groups through structured planning with the worksheet. Circulate to support and ensure restorative principles are embedded.

Presentation Rehearsal

  1. Pair up with another group.
  2. Present your project outline or draft.
  3. Use the Presentation Rubric to give feedback on:
    • Clarity of message
    • Demonstration of empathy
    • Audience engagement
  4. Incorporate suggestions for improvement.

Have groups practice with peers using the rubric for feedback, focusing on clarity, empathy, and engagement.

Next Steps & Closing

• Remind: Final presentations scheduled for next class.
• Ask students to write one sentence: “My project will help rebuild trust and inclusion by…”
• Collect completed worksheets.
• Encourage students to prepare any materials needed for presentation day.

Close the session by reminding students of next steps and having them reflect on their project’s impact.

lenny