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Safe Harbor Classrooms

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Lesson Plan

Safe Harbor: Creating Predictable and Supportive Classrooms Lesson Plan

Participants will learn to design and manage a classroom environment that promotes physical, social, and emotional safety to support all students, especially those impacted by trauma.

Creating a safe and predictable classroom is fundamental for effective learning and student well-being. This lesson equips educators with essential strategies to build environments where all students feel secure, can thrive academically, and can regulate their emotions, particularly those who have experienced trauma.

Audience

Professional Development Participants

Time

120 minutes

Approach

Interactive discussion, practical strategies, and collaborative planning.

Prep

Prepare Materials

30 minutes

Step 1

Warm-Up: What Does 'Safe' Feel Like?

10 minutes

  • Display Slide 1: Welcome & Warm-Up. Ask participants to think about a place where they feel completely safe. What does it look like, sound like, and feel like?
    * Think-Pair-Share: Have participants individually reflect for 1 minute, then turn to a partner to share for 2 minutes each.
    * Group Share: Ask a few volunteers to share key themes with the whole group. Emphasize that these feelings are what we want to cultivate for our students.

Step 2

Defining Physical and Psychological Safety

20 minutes

  • Display Slide 2: Defining Safety. Introduce the concepts of physical and psychological safety.
    * Discussion (10 minutes): Lead a discussion using the prompts on the slide. Ask: 'What's the difference between physical and psychological safety in a classroom context?' and 'Why is psychological safety especially important for students who have experienced trauma?'
    * Activity: Safety Scenarios (10 minutes): Present a few brief scenarios (e.g., a student accidentally knocks over supplies, a student shares a personal struggle, a loud fire drill). In small groups, have participants identify how physical and psychological safety are impacted and how a teacher could respond to ensure both.
    * Share out: Bring groups back to briefly share their insights.

Step 3

The Role of Predictability, Routines, and Choice

25 minutes

  • Display Slide 3: Predictability & Routines. Explain how predictability and consistent routines create a sense of safety, especially for students with trauma.
    * Discussion (10 minutes): 'How do predictable routines reduce anxiety and increase engagement?' 'What are some classroom routines you use that build predictability?'
    * Display Slide 4: Student Voice & Choice. Discuss the importance of student voice and choice in fostering autonomy and empowerment.
    * Activity: Choice Boards Brainstorm (15 minutes): In small groups, participants will brainstorm ways to incorporate student voice and choice into various aspects of the school day (e.g., choice in assignments, seating, break times, learning topics). Provide chart paper for brainstorming. Encourage them to consider practical, age-appropriate examples. Have groups quickly share one idea each.

Step 4

De-escalation and Crisis Prevention Strategies

30 minutes

  • Display Slide 5: De-escalation. Introduce de-escalation as a critical component of maintaining a safe environment.
    * Distribute De-escalation Strategy Flowchart (2 minutes). Briefly review the flowchart, highlighting key steps and principles.
    * Role-Play/Scenario Practice (20 minutes): Divide participants into pairs or small groups. Provide several short de-escalation scenarios (e.g., a student becoming agitated, a student refusing to work, a conflict between two students). Have groups practice applying the strategies from the De-escalation Strategy Flowchart. Circulate to offer support and feedback.
    * Debrief (8 minutes): Discuss what worked well, challenges, and key takeaways from the practice. Emphasize proactive strategies and building relationships.

Step 5

Designing a Trauma-Informed Classroom Space

20 minutes

  • Display Slide 6: Calming & Welcoming Spaces. Discuss the physical environment's impact on student well-being.
    * Distribute Classroom Safety Environmental Checklist (2 minutes). Have participants independently review the checklist, reflecting on their own classroom space.
    * Group Discussion (8 minutes): 'What elements on this checklist do you already implement well?' 'What are 1-2 areas where you could make immediate improvements?' 'How can physical space contribute to both physical and psychological safety?'
    * Introduce Redesign Your Space Challenge Project Guide (10 minutes): Explain the challenge as a practical application. Review the guidelines and expectations for the project.

Step 6

Action Planning and Wrap-Up

15 minutes

  • Display Slide 7: Action Planning. Have participants individually complete the
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Slide Deck

Welcome to Your Safe Harbor

Safe Harbor: Creating Predictable and Supportive Classrooms

What does 'safe' feel like to you?

Welcome participants and set a positive, reflective tone. Ask them to consider what 'safe' truly means to them personally before connecting it to students.

Defining Classroom Safety

Physical Safety:

  • Free from immediate physical harm
  • Orderly environment
  • Clear emergency procedures

Psychological Safety:

  • Feeling accepted and valued
  • Safe to take risks, make mistakes
  • Trust in adults and peers
  • Emotional well-being protected

Why is both important for all students, especially those impacted by trauma?

Introduce the two types of safety. Emphasize that psychological safety is crucial for vulnerable students. Use the scenarios activity to help them differentiate and apply the concepts.

The Power of Predictability & Choice

Predictability & Routines:

  • Consistent daily schedules
  • Clear expectations for tasks
  • Anticipate transitions
  • Reduces anxiety and increases focus

Student Voice & Choice:

  • Empowers students
  • Builds autonomy
  • Increases engagement and ownership
  • Examples: seating, task order, project topics

How can we build more predictability AND choice into our day?

Explain how consistency reduces anxiety. Encourage participants to share examples from their own classrooms where routines work well. Introduce the concept of empowering students through choice within a structured environment.

De-escalation: Staying Calm in the Storm

What is De-escalation?

  • Strategies to reduce intensity of a challenging situation
  • Helps students regain control
  • Protects both student and classroom safety

Key Principles:

  • Stay calm
  • Listen actively
  • Offer choices (if appropriate)
  • Maintain personal space

Let's practice with the De-escalation Strategy Flowchart!

Introduce de-escalation as a proactive and reactive strategy. Distribute the handout and give time for practice. Highlight that the goal is to prevent escalation by understanding triggers and providing support.

Designing Your Trauma-Informed Classroom

The Physical Environment Matters!

  • Calming colors and lighting
  • Organized and clutter-free
  • Flexible seating options
  • Designated calm-down or quiet spaces
  • Personalized elements

Use the Classroom Safety Environmental Checklist to reflect on your space.

Discuss how the physical space impacts mood and behavior. Have them use the checklist to self-assess their own environments and identify areas for growth. Introduce the project challenge as a practical next step.

Your Action Plan: Building a Safe Harbor

What's one change you will make to enhance physical safety?

What's one change you will make to enhance psychological safety?

How will you incorporate more predictability or choice?

What is your first step for the Redesign Your Space Challenge?

Guide participants to synthesize what they've learned into actionable steps for their own classrooms. This is where they commit to applying the strategies discussed.

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Worksheet

Classroom Safety Environmental Checklist

Instructions: Reflect on your current classroom environment. For each item, check "Yes" if it is consistently present, "No" if it is not, and "N/A" if it doesn't apply to your setting. Use the "Notes/Action Ideas" column to jot down thoughts, ideas for improvement, or specific examples.

Section 1: Physical Safety

ItemYesNoN/ANotes/Action Ideas
1. Clear pathways and exits


2. Emergency procedures (fire, lockdown) visibly posted


3. Furniture arranged to minimize conflict and allow teacher visibility


4. Potentially hazardous materials (scissors, chemicals) stored safely


5. Electrical cords secured and out of traffic areas


6. Accessible first-aid supplies


7. Adequate lighting throughout the room


Section 2: Psychological Safety (Predictability, Support, & Calm)

ItemYesNoN/ANotes/Action Ideas
8. Clear, consistent, and positively-stated classroom rules/expectations


9. Visual schedule or agenda displayed daily


10. Predictable routines for daily activities (e.g., morning work, transitions)


11. Designated quiet or calm-down space available to students


12. Opportunities for student voice and choice in learning or classroom management


13. Personal space respected among students


14. Materials and supplies are organized and easily accessible to students


15. Classroom environment is inviting, welcoming, and personalized (e.g., student work displayed)


16. Tone of voice used by adults is consistently calm and respectful, even during challenging moments


17. Students are taught and practice conflict resolution skills


18. Affirmations and positive reinforcement are regularly used


Reflect and Plan:

  1. Identify 1-2 areas from the checklist where your classroom excels.





  2. Identify 1-2 areas from the checklist where you see the greatest opportunity for improvement. Which changes could have the most significant impact on student safety and well-being?










  3. What is one concrete action step you will take in the next week to address an area for improvement? Be specific!





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Reading

De-escalation Strategy Flowchart: Guiding a Student Back to Calm

This flowchart provides a step-by-step guide for teachers to effectively de-escalate situations with students who are becoming agitated or dysregulated. Remember to prioritize safety and maintain a calm, supportive presence.


START: Student is Showing Signs of Escalation

(e.g., increased fidgeting, raised voice, refusal, withdrawn, tense body language)

Step 1: Observe & Assess (Immediate)

  • What are the student's behaviors? (e.g., verbal, physical, withdrawn)
  • What might be the trigger? (e.g., perceived injustice, task demand, sensory overload, peer conflict)
  • Is anyone in immediate danger?
    • IF YES: Ensure safety of all, call for immediate support if needed (e.g., administration).
    • IF NO: Proceed to Step 2.

Step 2: Create Space & Offer Support (Proactive & Supportive)

  • Reduce Demands: Temporarily lessen academic or behavioral expectations if appropriate.
  • Offer a Break: Suggest a brief calm-down period in a designated safe space or quiet area.
  • Check-in: Approach calmly, maintain respectful distance, use a soft voice.
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Project Guide

Redesign Your Space Challenge: Creating Your Safe Harbor Classroom

Project Goal:

To apply the principles of physical and psychological safety, predictability, student voice, and de-escalation to redesign a specific area or the entirety of your classroom environment, fostering a true "safe harbor" for all students.

Project Objective:

Participants will design a plan to modify their classroom space to enhance physical and psychological safety, increase predictability, and incorporate student voice and choice, considering the needs of students impacted by trauma.

Deliverables:

1. Current Space Analysis (Written Reflection - 150-200 words)

  • Description: Briefly describe a specific area of your current classroom (e.g., a reading nook, a group work station, your entry area) or your classroom as a whole. What are its current strengths and weaknesses regarding physical and psychological safety?
  • Guiding Questions:
    • How does this space currently promote or hinder a sense of safety and predictability?
    • Are there elements that might be overstimulating or anxiety-provoking for some students?
    • What opportunities exist for student voice or choice within this space?











2. Redesign Plan (Visual & Written)

  • Visual Representation: Create a visual representation of your redesigned space. This can be:
    • A hand-drawn sketch or blueprint (labeled clearly)
    • A digital drawing (e.g., using Google Slides, Canva, or a simple online room planner)
    • A collage of images (digital or physical) illustrating your ideas
  • Written Justification (200-300 words): For each key change in your redesign, explain why you chose it and how it addresses the principles discussed in the session (physical safety, psychological safety, predictability, student voice/choice, trauma-informed practices).
  • Include:
    • Specific furniture arrangements
    • Use of color, lighting, or sensory elements
    • Designated areas (e.g., calm-down spot, collaborative space)
    • Ways to display schedules, expectations, or student work
    • Ideas for incorporating student input into the new design or ongoing use of the space.











































3. Implementation Action Steps (Bulleted List)

  • Description: Outline 3-5 concrete, actionable steps you will take to implement your redesign plan. Include a realistic timeline for each step.
  • Consider: What resources will you need? Who might you collaborate with? What is the first step you can take immediately?











Assessment Criteria:

  • Clarity of Analysis: Does the current space analysis clearly identify strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities?
  • Alignment with Principles: Does the redesign plan clearly demonstrate an understanding and application of physical safety, psychological safety, predictability, and student voice/choice?
  • Feasibility & Creativity: Is the redesign plan practical and creative for your specific context?
  • Actionability: Are the implementation steps clear, concrete, and realistic?

Submission:

Submit your Current Space Analysis, Redesign Plan (visual + written justification), and Implementation Action Steps by [Date]. We will share and discuss these in our next session!

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